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楼主: hzbiz

[求助]最近看了SAMBA的设置,想到这么一个问题?

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发表于 2005-10-10 15:48:55 | 显示全部楼层
中文解决的代码,以下两行就够了,注意顺序不要颠倒了,最好放在server string = Samba Server之后;
client code page = 936
character set    = 936
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 楼主| 发表于 2005-10-10 17:26:42 | 显示全部楼层
谢谢了!
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发表于 2005-10-10 19:37:50 | 显示全部楼层
谢谢。我对linux的SUD和SGID的权限不是太明白,听说设置错的话,有一些危险。可以问一下,应该如何避免这种事。我是一个很菜的一个初学者
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发表于 2005-10-10 19:53:20 | 显示全部楼层
作为文件服务器,SUID用处不大。而SGID的用处就比较好了。
在linux系统里的用户,不可能只属于一个组,就如我上面说说的,让上级用户属于下级用户的私有组,这样,上级用户就会属于许多组。如果我们准许上级用户可以更改下级用户的文件,那么共享目录的权限就必须是rwxrwx---,但是,有一个问题是:
上级用户在下级用户的文件夹里面建立的文件属性是什么呢?

在linux系统里,每一个用户都有一个缺省组属性,上面的这个问题的答案就是其建立的文件属性的组属性为其缺省的组,这样,造成下级用户反而不能进入上级用户在他的目录下建立的目录了。

要解决这个问题,不是在配置samba文件里使用force命令,那需要对每一个用户都建立一个共享单元,用户在不断的增加,这使得修改配置文件变得不可行。最好的方法就是在系统目录里使用SGID。

使用SGID后,无论任何用户在共享目录里面建立的文件或者文件夹,都会归属于指定的那个组属性,这样,当我们将用户主目录设置SGID后,上级用户在下级用户主目录建立的文件的组属性就是下级用户的私有组。保证了下级用户对自己主目录的控制权。
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 楼主| 发表于 2005-10-11 08:07:57 | 显示全部楼层
Post by d.sokwith
作为文件服务器,SUID用处不大。而SGID的用处就比较好了。
在linux系统里的用户,不可能只属于一个组,就如我上面说说的,让上级用户属于下级用户的私有组,这样,上级用户就会属于许多组。如果我们准许上级用户可以更改下级用户的文件,那么共享目录的权限就必须是rwxrwx---,但是,有一个问题是:
上级用户在下级用户的文件夹里面建立的文件属性是什么呢?

在linux系统里,每一个用户都有一个缺省组属性,上面的这个问题的答案就是其建立的文件属性的组属性为其缺省的组,这样,造成下级用户反而不能进入上级用户在他的目录下建立的目录了。

要解决这个问题,不是在配置samba文件里使用force命令,那需要对每一个用户都建立一个共享单元,用户在不断的增加,这使得修改配置文件变得不可行。最好的方法就是在系统目录里使用SGID。

使用SGID后,无论任何用户在共享目录里面建立的文件或者文件夹,都会归属于指定的那个组属性,这样,当我们将用户主目录设置SGID后,上级用户在下级用户主目录建立的文件的组属性就是下级用户的私有组。保证了下级用户对自己主目录的控制权。

不太明白,能否给个例子学习呢? :ask
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发表于 2005-10-11 11:42:09 | 显示全部楼层
Post by hzbiz
不太明白,能否给个例子学习呢? :ask


你这样进行试验吧:

1、新建一个共享,让所有用户都能读写,即目录属性rwxrwxrwx;配置文件中不要使用force命令;
2、给samba增加几个测试用户test1、test2、test3....;他们都不属于其他组,只有自己的私有组;
3、分别用这些用户在客户端登录服务器进行 写 操作,然后在linux系统下看看他们建立的文件的组属性,是否组属性是他们私有的。
4、然后在系统里指定共享目录的组为public,设置SGID位;
5、重新让测试用户再次在客户端写入文件,再回到linux系统下查看组属性,这时应该他们建立的文件的组属性都是 public了。

这就是SGID的作用,它优先于配置文件中的 force命令。
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 楼主| 发表于 2005-10-14 17:16:46 | 显示全部楼层
以下是我写的一个配置不知是否可以,请指点!
# This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the
# smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed
# here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options (perhaps too
# many!) most of which are not shown in this example
#
# Any line which starts with a ; (semi-colon) or a # (hash)
# is a comment and is ignored. In this example we will use a #
# for commentry and a ; for parts of the config file that you
# may wish to enable
#
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command "testparm"
# to check that you have not made any basic syntactic errors.
#
#======================= Global Settings =====================================
[global]
#veto files = /*.eml/*.nws/riched20.dll/*.scr/*.pif/

  dont descend = /proc, /dev

  client code page = 936

  dos charset = cp936

  unix charset = cp936
# workgroup = NT-Domain-Name or Workgroup-Name
   workgroup = SVT
   netbios name = redhat

# server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field
   server string = Samba Server

# This option is important for security. It allows you to restrict
# connections to machines which are on your local network. The
# following example restricts access to two C class networks and
# the "loopback" interface. For more examples of the syntax see
# the smb.conf man page
   hosts allow = 192.168.0. 192.168.1. 127.

# if you want to automatically load your printer list rather
# than setting them up individually then you'll need this
   printcap name = /etc/printcap
   load printers = yes

# It should not be necessary to spell out the print system type unless
# yours is non-standard. Currently supported print systems include:
# bsd, sysv, plp, lprng, aix, hpux, qnx
;   printing = bsd

# Uncomment this if you want a guest account, you must add this to /etc/passwd
# otherwise the user "nobody" is used
;  guest account = pcguest

# this tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
   log file = /var/log/samba/%m.log

# Put a capping on the size of the log files (in Kb).
   max log size = 50

# Security mode. Most people will want user level security. See
# security_level.txt for details.
   security = user
# Use password server option only with security = server
;   password server = <NT-Server-Name>

# Password Level allows matching of _n_ characters of the password for
# all combinations of upper and lower case.
;  password level = 8
;  username level = 8

# You may wish to use password encryption. Please read
# ENCRYPTION.txt, Win95.txt and WinNT.txt in the Samba documentation.
# Do not enable this option unless you have read those documents
;  encrypt passwords = yes
;  smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd

# The following are needed to allow password changing from Windows to
# update the Linux system password also.
# NOTE: Use these with 'encrypt passwords' and 'smb passwd file' above.
# NOTE2: You do NOT need these to allow workstations to change only
#        the encrypted SMB passwords. They allow the Unix password
#        to be kept in sync with the SMB password.
#  unix password sync = Yes
  passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
  passwd chat = *New*UNIX*password* %n\n *ReType*new*UNIX*password* %n\n

*passwd:*all*authentication*tokens*updated*successfully*

# Unix users can map to different SMB User names
;  username map = /etc/samba/smbusers

# Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
;   include = /etc/samba/smb.conf.%m

# Most people will find that this option gives better performance.
# See speed.txt and the manual pages for details
   socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192

# Configure Samba to use multiple interfaces
# If you have multiple network interfaces then you must list them
# here. See the man page for details.
;   interfaces = 192.168.12.2/24 192.168.13.2/24

# Configure remote browse list synchronisation here
#  request announcement to, or browse list sync from:
#        a specific host or from / to a whole subnet (see below)
;   remote browse sync = 192.168.3.25 192.168.5.255
# Cause this host to announce itself to local subnets here
;   remote announce = 192.168.1.255 192.168.2.44

# Browser Control Options:
# set local master to no if you don't want Samba to become a master
# browser on your network. Otherwise the normal election rules apply
;   local master = no

# OS Level determines the precedence of this server in master browser
# elections. The default value should be reasonable
;   os level = 33

# Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. This
# allows Samba to collate browse lists between subnets. Don't use this
# if you already have a Windows NT domain controller doing this job
;   domain master = yes

# Preferred Master causes Samba to force a local browser election on startup
# and gives it a slightly higher chance of winning the election
;   preferred master = yes

# Enable this if you want Samba to be a domain logon server for
# Windows95 workstations.
;   domain logons = yes

# if you enable domain logons then you may want a per-machine or
# per user logon script
# run a specific logon batch file per workstation (machine)
;   logon script = %m.bat
# run a specific logon batch file per username
;   logon script = %U.bat

# Where to store roving profiles (only for Win95 and WinNT)
#        %L substitutes for this servers netbios name, %U is username
#        You must uncomment the [Profiles] share below
;   logon path = \\%L\Profiles\%U

# All NetBIOS names must be resolved to IP Addresses
# 'Name Resolve Order' allows the named resolution mechanism to be specified
# the default order is "host lmhosts wins bcast". "host" means use the unix
# system gethostbyname() function call that will use either /etc/hosts OR
# DNS or NIS depending on the settings of /etc/host.config, /etc/nsswitch.conf
# and the /etc/resolv.conf file. "host" therefore is system configuration
# dependant. This parameter is most often of use to prevent DNS lookups
# in order to resolve NetBIOS names to IP Addresses. Use with care!
# The example below excludes use of name resolution for machines that are NOT
# on the local network segment
# - OR - are not deliberately to be known via lmhosts or via WINS.
; name resolve order = wins lmhosts bcast

# Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
# WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable it's WINS Server
;   wins support = yes

# WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
#        Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
;   wins server = w.x.y.z

# WINS Proxy - Tells Samba to answer name resolution queries on
# behalf of a non WINS capable client, for this to work there must be
# at least one        WINS Server on the network. The default is NO.
;   wins proxy = yes

# DNS Proxy - tells Samba whether or not to try to resolve NetBIOS names
# via DNS nslookups. The built-in default for versions 1.9.17 is yes,
# this has been changed in version 1.9.18 to no.
   dns proxy = no

# Case Preservation can be handy - system default is _no_
# NOTE: These can be set on a per share basis
;  preserve case = no
;  short preserve case = no
# Default case is normally upper case for all DOS files
;  default case = lower
# Be very careful with case sensitivity - it can break things!
;  case sensitive = no

#============================ Share Definitions ==============================
[homes]
   comment = Home Directories

   browseable =no

   writable = yes

   create mode = 0770

   directory mode = 0770  

[ftp]
   comment = Ftp

   path = /ftp

   guest accoun=nobody

   read only= No

   guest ok= Yes

   browseable= Yes

   available= Yes

[rock]

    comment=rock

    path= /ftp/rock

    username=rock

    guest accoun= nobody

    valid users=rock

    read only= No

    guest ok= No

    browseable= Yes

    available= Yes

[cdrom]

        comment = Linux CD-ROM

        path = /mnt/cdrom

        locking = no

        guest ok = yes
# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons;
# [netlogon]
   comment = Network Logon Service
   path = /home/netlogon
   guest ok = yes
   writable = no
   share modes = no


# Un-comment the following to provide a specific roving profile share
# the default is to use the user's home directory
#[Profiles]
    path = /home/profiles
    browseable = no
    guest ok = yes


# NOTE: If you have a BSD-style print system there is no need to
# specifically define each individual printer
; [printers]
   comment = All Printers
   path = /var/spool/samba
   browseable = no
# Set public = yes to allow user 'guest account' to print
   guest ok = no
   writable = no
   printable = yes

# This one is useful for people to share files
;[tmp]
;   comment = Temporary file space
;   path = /tmp
;   read only = no
;   public = yes

# A publicly accessible directory, but read only, except for people in
# the "staff" group
;[public]
;   comment = Public Stuff
;   path = /home/samba
;   public = yes
;   read only = yes
;   write list = @staff

# Other examples.
#
# A private printer, usable only by fred. Spool data will be placed in fred's
# home directory. Note that fred must have write access to the spool directory,
# wherever it is.
;[fredsprn]
;   comment = Fred's Printer
;   valid users = fred
;   path = /homes/fred
;   printer = freds_printer
;   public = no
;   writable = no
;   printable = yes

# A private directory, usable only by fred. Note that fred requires write
# access to the directory.
;[fredsdir]
;   comment = Fred's Service
;   path = /usr/somewhere/private
;   valid users = fred
;   public = no
;   writable = yes
;   printable = no

# a service which has a different directory for each machine that connects
# this allows you to tailor configurations to incoming machines. You could
# also use the %u option to tailor it by user name.
# The %m gets replaced with the machine name that is connecting.
;[pchome]
;  comment = PC Directories
;  path = /usr/pc/%m
;  public = no
;  writable = yes

# A publicly accessible directory, read/write to all users. Note that all files
# created in the directory by users will be owned by the default user, so
# any user with access can delete any other user's files. Obviously this
# directory must be writable by the default user. Another user could of course
# be specified, in which case all files would be owned by that user instead.
;[public]
;   path = /usr/somewhere/else/public
;   public = yes
;   only guest = yes
;   writable = yes
;   printable = no

# The following two entries demonstrate how to share a directory so that two
# users can place files there that will be owned by the specific users. In this
# setup, the directory should be writable by both users and should have the
# sticky bit set on it to prevent abuse. Obviously this could be extended to
# as many users as required.
;[myshare]
;   comment = Mary's and Fred's stuff
;   path = /usr/somewhere/shared
;   valid users = mary fred
;   public = no
;   writable = yes
;   printable = no
;   create mask = 0765
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发表于 2005-10-14 19:10:39 | 显示全部楼层
看样子你的samba是3.0以上的版本吧?抱歉我还不是很熟悉。
但是,一定要注意,语句前面的分号“;”也是注释符号,你有些共享单元是被注释了但语句没有被注释,会被上一个共享继承的哟。
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 楼主| 发表于 2005-10-15 08:12:59 | 显示全部楼层
Post by d.sokwith
看样子你的samba是3.0以上的版本吧?抱歉我还不是很熟悉。
但是,一定要注意,语句前面的分号“;”也是注释符号,你有些共享单元是被注释了但语句没有被注释,会被上一个共享继承的哟。

应该有这样的问题,不过共享的目录与个人目录可能还有问题,希望各位大虾能指出,谢谢了! :ask
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 楼主| 发表于 2005-10-17 08:12:16 | 显示全部楼层
请各位帮忙!谢谢了!
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