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TABLE OF CONTENTS
General Questions
Legal Questions
Technical Questions
Running MINIX 3 on a Simulator or Virtual Machine
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GENERAL QUESTIONS
What is MINIX 3?
MINIX 3 is a small free UNIX clone designed for very high reliability. It is especially well-suited for low-end PCs, resource-constrained systems, and embedded applications. It is available with all the source code, which makes it well-suited to classroom or self study by people wanting to learn how an operating system works.
What hardware do I need to run MINIX 3?
You need an Intel 386 or higher with 4 MB of RAM, an IDE hard disk with100 MB of free disk space, and an IDE CD-ROM for booting. It is not possible to boot off a USB CD-ROM drive (yet).
Where can I get MINIX 3?
MINIX 3 Version 3.1 is distributed on a CD-ROM included with the text Operating Systems Design and Implementation, 3/e by Andrew S. Tanenbaum and Albert S. Woodhull. Newer versions are available for free at the MINIX 3 download page.
Where can I get help with MINIX 3?
There is a USENET newsgroup. Post a query there. There is also a mailing list.
I am a beginner. Where can I learn about MINIX 3 programming?
See this guide as a start.
Somebody must have seen my problem before. Is the newsgroup archived?
Yes. look in the archive.
A page I once saw is gone. Is there a way to find it?
Maybe. Try the Wayback machine.
Where can I find information about using MINIX 3 for teaching?
A good place to start is this Web page.
Can I become a MINIX 3 developer?
If you have the requisite time, interest, and knowledge, you are welcome to join the MINIX 3 community. Here is the starting place.
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LEGAL QUESTIONS
What is the MINIX 3 license?
The MINIX 3 license is a clone of the Berkeley (BSD) license. In plain English, it says you can do whatever you like with the system provided that (1) you agree not to sue us under any conditions, and (2) you keep the credit lines in the source, documentation, and publicity unless other arrangements have been made. Specifically, you are free to modify the source code, redistribute it, incorporate it into commercial products with only the above restrictions.
Why didn't you use the GPL?
We feel the GPL is too restrictive. Companies that put a lot of money into further developing open-source software rightly do not want to give it their competitors. Since MINIX 3 has clear applications in embedded systems, we felt the BSD license was more appropriate.
What is the relationship between MINIX and Linux?
MINIX was released in 1987 as a small easy-to-understand UNIX clone for use in courses teaching operating systems. Linus Torvalds, then a student at the University of Helsinki, studied MINIX in an operating systems course and was sufficiently impressed that he bought a PC to run it. He then used MINIX as a platform, guide, and inspiration to develop a MINIX clone, named Linux, which he released in 1991. Here is his announcement of Linux.
Linus has been accused of stealing Linux from MINIX. Is that true?
No. Absolutely not. Ken Brown of the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution wrote a report, funded in part by Microsoft, claiming that Linus stole Linux from MINIX. Brown's conclusion was that companies should not use Linux because the ownership of the intellectual property rights is unclear. This is complete garbage. While it is most unlikely that a 21-year-old student would have been capable of writing his own operating system had he not had the complete source code for a similar operating system available to use, study and modify, Linus wrote the initial version of the Linux code himself. The Brown report and a response from the creator of MINIX was discussed in detail on Slashdot.
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TECHNICAL QUESTIONS
MINIX 3 claims to be POSIX compliant. What is POSIX?
See this document on POSIX.
How do I learn to program in the MINIX 3 environment?
See this document on MINIX programming.
How can I make a RAM disk bigger than 8 MBytes?
See this document on RAM disks.
How can I boot multiple operating systems on the same computer?
Use a multiboot loader. See this document on multiboot loaders for more information.
How can I avoid problems with the vol command and floppy disks?
See this document on vol.
Why doesn't the elle editor behave the way the man page says it should?
For help with elle, see this document on elle.
Is it possible to exchange data between file systems of different operating systems?
Yes. See this document on data exchange.
How do I view a draft man page that hasn't been installed yet?
Use nroff -man man_file | more
What is the performance of MINIX 3 like
We made measurements of the performance of MINIX 3 (user-mode drivers) versus MINIX 2 (kernel-mode drivers) and MINIX 3 is 5-10% slower. We have not compared it to other systems because there are so many other differences (e.g., the current disk driver does not even have DMA, the ACK compiler is faster than gcc but the code is worse, the file systems differ etc.) The biggest difference is that MINIX 3 represents about 1 man-year of work so far and other systems represent thousands of man-years of work and our priority has been reliability, not performance.
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RUNNING MINIX 3 ON A SIMULATOR OR VIRTUAL MACHINE
How do I run MINIX 3 on VMWare?
See this document on MINIX and VMWare. Also, you can download a VMWare virtual machine, pre-installed with Minix 3. There is a link to it on the main page, under 'VM installed with MINIX 3'. You can run this virtual machine using VMWare's freely downloadable VMWare Player.
Can I transfer data between a MINIX 3 guest on VMWare and a Windows host?
This copy-and-paste tool will allow that. If you select the LANCE Ethernet chip when you install MINIX 3, you can then use FTP from MINIX 3.
Can I use the Bochs emulator to run MINIX 3 on a Mac?
Yes. See this document on MINIX and Bochs.
Can I run MINIX 3 on top of Windows using Virtual PC?
Yes. see this document on MINIX and Virtual PC.
Modified: 24 October 2005
Copyright Albert S. Woodhull
目录
概要问题
法律问题
技术问题
在模拟器或者虚拟机上运行MINIX 3
概要问题
MINIX 3是什么？
MINIX 3是一个为高可靠性应用而设计的自由且简洁的类UNIX系统。它特别适用于低端的个人电脑、资源受限制系统和嵌入式应用。你可以获得它所有的源代码，这使得它很适用于那些想了解操作系统怎样运行的人的课堂学习和自学。
MINIX 3运行的硬件要求？
你至少需要一台有4 MB内存、100MB空闲硬盘空间和用于启动的CD-ROM(IDE)的Intel386。现在暂时还不支持从USB CD-ROM启动。
我怎么获得MINIX 3呢？
3.1版本的MINIX 3包括在Andrew S. Tanenbaum和Albert S. Woodhull的《操作系统设计与实现，第三版》附带的光盘中。你可以在下载页中获得更新版本的MINIX 3。
我怎么得到关于MINIX 3的帮助？
你可以浏览USENET新闻组并发帖提问。你也可以使用邮件列表。
我是菜鸟。我该怎么学习在MINIX 3下编程？
阅读这篇指南来作为你的入门。
也许已经有人遇到过和我相同的问题。新闻组有编档保存吗？
有。请看编档保存。
我找不到以前看过内容了。有什么办法可以找回来吗？
也许吧。来试试这个时光机器。
我如何获得关于MINIX 3用于教学的信息？
这个网页会是你不错的开始。
我能成为MINIX 3的开发人员吗？
如果你有一定的时间、兴趣和必备的知识，欢迎你加入MINIX 3社区。从这里开始吧。
法律问题
MINIX 3用的是什么许可证？
MINIX 3使用的许可证是伯克利(BSD)许可证的一个克隆版本。你可以在同意以下两个条件的前提下对系统做任何你喜欢做的事：(1)你同意在任何条件下你都不会控告我们；(2)除非已经做了其他安排，否则你要把荣誉行保留在源码、文档和公开资料中。在上面所提及的限制下,你可以自由地修改\重发布你的源代码,并且可以将它合并到你的商业产品中.
为什么不使用GPL许可证呢?
我们感到GPL许可证限制得太多.对开源软件的进一步开发而投入大量资金的公司可不想把它送给竞争者.我们认为BSD许可证更适合MINIX 3在嵌入式系统中的应用.
MINIX和Linux之间有什么关系呢?
MINIX是一个发行于1987年的用于操作系统教学的简单易懂的小型UNIX克隆.赫尔辛基大学的学生Linus Torvalds在操作系统课程上学习了MINIX并买了一台PC来充分地运行它.然后他将MINIX作为平台和指导开发了MINIX的克隆---Linux,并且在1991年发布.这是他关于Linux的声明.
Linus被指责从MINIX偷窃了Linux,这是真的吗?
不是,绝对不是!在微软的部分资助下Alexis de Tocqueville Institution公司的Ken Brown写了一篇报告声称Linus从MINIX偷窃了Linux. Brown的结论是由于知识产权的所有者不清,所以公司不应该使用Linux.这完全是废话!虽然对于一个只有21岁的学生来说没有一个相似的操作系统源代码来使用\学习和修改,他几乎不可能编写出一个他自己的操作系统,但是Linus的确编写了Linux源码的最初版本.Brown的报告和MINIX创建者的回应在Slashdot上有详细的论述.
技术问题
MINIX 3声称符合POSIX标准.什么是POSIX呢?
请阅读这篇关于POSIX的文档.
我该如何在MINIX 3环境中学习编程?
请阅读这篇关于MINIX编程的文档.
我该如何建立一个大于8 MB的RAM disk?
请阅读这篇关于RAM disks的文档.
我该怎么做才能在同一台计算机上启动多个操作系统?
使用multiboot loader.请阅读这篇关于multiboot loader的文档以获得更多的信息.
我该怎么避免vol命令和软盘的问题?
请阅读这篇关于vol的文档.
为什么elle编辑器并不像手册页中所描述的那样运行?
请阅读这篇关于elle的文档以获得更多的帮助.
我可以在不同操作系统的文件系统之间交换数据吗?
可以.请阅读这篇关于数据交换的文档.
我该怎么样做才可以浏览并没有安装的手册页草案?
请使用nroff -man man_file | more命令.
MINIX 3的性能如何?
我们对MINIX 3(用户模式)和MINIX 2(内核模式)的性能做了比较测量,MINIX 3比MINIX 2慢了5-10%.因为有太多的不同(譬如现在的磁盘驱动还不支持DMA,ACK编译器虽然比GCC快但是产生的代码不如GCC,还有文件系统的差别,等等),所以我们还没有将MINIX 3与其他的操作系统做比较.最大的差别还是MINIX 3到现在为止只用了大概1人年的工作,而其他操作系统则用了数千人年.而且我们是可靠性优先,而不是性能.
在模拟器或者虚拟机上运行MINIX 3
我该如何在VMWare上运行MINIX 3?
请阅读这篇关于MINIX和VMWare的文档.你也可以下载预先装有MINIX 3的VMWare的虚拟机.这是一个关于"装有MINIX 3的VM"的主页的链接.你可以用VMWare的自由且可下载的VMWare Player来运行虚拟机.
我可以在Windows主机和VMWare上的MINIX 3之间传输数据吗?
你可以使用这个复制粘贴工具.如果你在安装MINIX 3时选择了LANCE以太网芯片,就可以在MINIX 3中使用FTP.
我可以在MAC中使用Bochs仿真器来运行MINIX 3吗?
可以.请阅读这篇关于MINIX和Bochs的文档.
我可以在Windows中使用Virtual PC来运行MINIX 3吗?
可以.请阅读这篇关于MINIX和Virtual PC的文档.
修改于2006年1月25日
Copyright 浙江大学 张恒 |
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