天龙八步－》打造debian-desktop－》配置桌面[三][原创:JiRen兄]

北南南北 · 发表于 2002-12-5 22:04:58

第三章配置桌面

1.配置simsun字体到：(以下1和2可建立脚本文件/bat/xconf来作)
建立目录/usr/lib/X11/fonts/simsun
在该目录下拷入下列文件：
fonts.dir simhei.ttf simsun.ttf fonts.scale 都是从windows下拷来的，simsun.ttf是simsun.ttc的更名，fonts.scale是fonts.dir的拷贝。

//fonts.dir:
86
simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-gb2312.1980-0
simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
simsun.ttf -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ai=0.2:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-o-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ai=0.4:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ai=0.2:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-o-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ai=0.4:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso8859-1
ab=y:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso8859-1
ai=0.2:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-o-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso8859-1
ai=0.4:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso8859-1
ai=0.2:ab=y:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-o-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso8859-1
ai=-0.4:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-ri-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso8859-1
ai=-0.2:ab=y:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-ro-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso8859-1
ai=-0.4:ab=y:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-ri-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso8859-1
ai=-0.4:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-ri-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ai=-0.4:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-ri-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ai=-0.2:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-ro-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ai=-0.2:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-ro-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=0.2:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-o-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=0.4:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=0.2:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-o-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=0.4:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=-0.4:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-ri-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=-0.4:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-ri-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=-0.2:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-ro-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=-0.2:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-ro-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
ab=y:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
ai=0.2:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-o-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
ai=0.4:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
ai=0.2:ab=y:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-o-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
ai=0.4:ab=y:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-big5-0
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-big5-0
ds=y:simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-big5-0
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-big5-0
simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
ds=y:simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso10646-1
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso10646-1
ds=y:simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso10646-1
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -Arphic-AR PL Mingti2L Big5-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso10646-1
simhei.ttf -misc-SimHei-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-big5-0
simhei.ttf -misc-SimHei-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-gbk-0
simhei.ttf -misc-SimHei-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-gb2312.1980-0
simhei.ttf -misc-SimHei-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-jisx0208.1983-0
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-big5-0
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-gbk-0
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-gb2312.1980-0
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-jisx0208.1983-0
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-koi8-r
simsun.ttf -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
simsun.ttf -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ai=0.2:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-o-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ai=0.4:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ai=-0.4:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-ri-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ai=-0.2:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-ro-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ai=0.2:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-o-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ai=0.4:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ai=-0.4:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-ri-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ai=-0.2:ab=y:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-bold-ro-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ai=-0.2:sw=1:bw=0.5:simsun.ttf -misc-simsun-medium-ro-normal—0-0-0-0-c-0-iso8859-1

2.配置/etc/X11/XF86Config-4,XftConfig:
请参照修改：

1)/etc/X11/XF86Config-4:
### BEGIN DEBCONF SECTION
# XF86Config-4 (XFree86 server configuration file) generated by dexconf, the
# Debian X Configuration tool, using values from the debconf database.
#
# Edit this file with caution, and see the XF86Config-4 manual page.
# (Type "man XF86Config-4" at the shell prompt.)
#
# If you want your changes to this file preserved by dexconf, only make changes
# before the "### BEGIN DEBCONF SECTION" line above, and/or after the
# "### END DEBCONF SECTION" line below.
#
# To change things within the debconf section, run the command:
# dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xfree86
# as root. Also see "How do I add custom sections to a dexconf-generated
# XF86Config or XF86Config-4 file?" in /usr/share/doc/xfree86-common/FAQ.gz.

Section "Files"
FontPath "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/simsun"
#FontPath "unix/:7100" # local font server
# if the local font server has problems, we can fall back on these
FontPath "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc"
FontPath "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic"
FontPath "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/Type1"
FontPath "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo"
FontPath "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi"
FontPath "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "xtt"
Load "GLcore"
Load "bitmap"
Load "dbe"
Load "ddc"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
#Load "freetype"
Load "glx"
Load "int10"
Load "record"
Load "speedo"
Load "type1"
Load "vbe"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
Driver "keyboard"
Option "CoreKeyboard"
Option "XkbRules" "xfree86"
Option "XkbModel" "pc104"
Option "XkbLayout" "us"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Configured Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "CorePointer"
Option "Device" "/dev/psaux"
Option "

rotocol" "

S/2"
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "true"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Generic Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "SendCoreEvents" "true"
Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice"
Option "

rotocol" "ImPS/2"
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "true"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "Generic Video Card"
Driver "nv"
#Option "UseFBDev" "true"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Generic Monitor"
HorizSync 91.146
VertRefresh 85
Option "DPMS"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "Default Screen"
Device "Generic Video Card"
Monitor "Generic Monitor"
DefaultDepth 16
SubSection "Display"
Depth 1
Modes "1280x1024"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 4
Modes "1280x1024"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 8
Modes "1280x1024"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 15
Modes "1280x1024"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 16
Modes "1280x1024"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
Modes "1280x1024"
EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Default Layout"
Screen "Default Screen"
InputDevice "Generic Keyboard"
InputDevice "Configured Mouse"
InputDevice "Generic Mouse"
EndSection

Section "DRI"
Mode 0666
EndSection

### END DEBCONF SECTION

2)/etc/X11/XftConfig:
# $XFree86: xc/lib/Xft/XftConfig.cpp,v 1.8 2001/11/21 23:41:12 keithp Exp $
＃BJR：
dir "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/simsun"

dir "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1"
dir "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType"

#
# alias 'fixed' for 'mono'
#
match any family == "fixed" edit family =+ "mono";

#
# Check users config file
#
includeif "~/.xftconfig"

#
# Alias between XLFD families and font file family name, prefer local
# fonts
#
match any family == "charter" edit family += "bitstream charter";
match any family == "bitstream charter" edit family =+ "charter";

3.配置这些文件：(本步可用/bat/baseconf脚本作）
$HOME/下三个文件:.gtkrc._zh_CN,.xsession,.bashrc,请参照修改

1)//$HOME/.gtkrc._zh_CN:（设置gtk字体）
style "gtk-default-zh-cn" {
      fontset = "-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-iso8859-*, -*-simsun-medium-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-gb2312.1980-0"
}
class "GtkWidget" style "gtk-default-zh-cn"

2)//$HOME/.xsession:（X初始化）

LANG=zh_CN.GB2312
LC_ALL=zh_CN.GB2312
LC_CTYPE=zh_CN.GB2312
KDE_LANG=zh_CN.GB2312
export LANG LC_ALL LC_CTYPE KDE_LANG
export XMODIFIERS=@im=XSIM
metacity &
exec gnome-session
#exec wmaker
/usr/local/xsim/bin/xsim &
killall xsim

3）//$HOME/.bashrc:

# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples

# If running interactively, then:
if [ "$PS1" ]; then

# don't put duplicate lines in the history. See bash(1) for more options
# export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups

# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
eval `dircolors -b`
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias dir='ls --color=auto --format=vertical'
alias vdir='ls --color=auto --format=long'

# some more ls aliases
alias ll='ls -l'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'

# set a fancy prompt
PS1='\u@\h:\w\$ '

# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
#case $TERM in
#xterm*)
# PROMPT_COMMAND='echo -ne "\033]0;${USER}@${HOSTNAME}: ${PWD}\007"'
# ;;
#*)
# ;;
#esac

# enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable
# this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc).
#if [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then
#  . /etc/bash_completion
#fi
fi

# JiRen's command (sh)
export PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/games

export LC_ALL=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_TYPE=zh_CN.GB2312
export LANG=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_NUMERIC=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_TIME=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_COLLATE=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_MONETARY=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_MESSAGES=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_PAPER=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_NAME=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_ADDRESS=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_TELEPHONE=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_MEASUREMENT=zh_CN.GB2312
export LC_IDENTIFICATION=zh_CN.GB2312

alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'

alias todoc='cd /mydoc/'
alias toworks='cd /mydoc/works/'
alias towebs='cd /mydoc/webs/'
alias toessays='cd /mydoc/personal/essays/'
alias tobak='cd /mydoc/mybak/'
alias tocd='cd /cdrom/'
alias tolearns='cd /mydoc/learns/'
alias todebian='cd /mydoc/debian/'
alias tohow='cd /mydoc/debian/howto'
alias tosoft='cd /mydoc/debian/software'

alias umntcd='umount /cdrom'
alias mntcd='mount -t iso9660 /dev/hdc /cdrom -o codepage=936,iocharset=cp936'
alias umntfd='umount /floppy'
alias mntfd='mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /floppy -o codepage=936,iocharset=cp93'
alias mntram='mount -t ramfs none /ram -o maxsize=10000'
alias umntram='umount /ram'
alias mntusb='mount -t vfat /dev/sda /usb -o codepage=936,iocharset=cp936'
alias umntusb='umount /usb'

alias rmd='rm -rf'
alias cpd='cp -rfdp'
alias utar='tar -xvf'
alias tbz='tar -xjvf'
alias tgz='tar -xzvf'
alias cd.='cd .'
alias cd..='cd ..'
alias cd...='cd ../..'
alias cd....='cd ../../..'

alias vimenu='vi /etc/X11/WindowMaker/menu.zh_CN.my'
alias vialias='vi $HOME/.bashrc'
alias viapt='vi /etc/apt/sources.list'
alias viboot='vi /boot/grub/menu.lst'
alias vifstab='vi /etc/fstab'
alias vipwd='vi /mydoc/personal/_private/个人资料/passwd.txt'

alias rb='reboot'

4.配置/etc/profile,fstab,sysctlconf,inittab:
1)我在profile后添加了：
#JiRen's command
/sbin/hdparm -d1 -c3 -u1 -m16 -k1 -X69 /dev/hda
（开启DMA）

2)我的fstab：
/dev/hda1    /             ext3 errors=remount-ro    0    1
/dev/hda5    none          swap sw                   0    0
proc          /proc          proc defaults             0    0
/dev/fd0       /floppy       auto user,noauto          0    0
/dev/hdc       /cdrom       iso9660 ro,user,auto          0    0
/dev/hda6    /mydoc       vfat codepage=936,iocharset=cp936 0  0    0
/dev/hda7    /mybak       ext3 errors=remount-ro    0    1

3)我的sysctlconf添加了:

#BJR:
vm.bdflush=100 128 128 512 5000 3000 60 0 0
vm.buffermem=70 10 60
(优化存储器访问)

4)我的inittab 主要是把tty3－6去掉了以节省内存：

1:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty1
2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty2
#3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty3
#4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty4
#5:23:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty5
#6:23:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty6

5）终端下：
tune2fs  -i 0 -c 0 /dev/hda1
（使分区/dev/hda1不强制检查）

实际上，我保存了以前的这些配置文件，很多都是直接拷过来的。按以上方法安装的X，可能用xdm启动，我喜欢手工startx，所以用apt-get remove xdm 去掉它。

5.配置gnome:
1)要启动metacity，只需在.xsession中加入metacity&。
2)如果需要安装gdm2，请在/etc/gdm/Sessions/下加入两个文件：
//Gnome：
export XMODIFIERS=@im=XSIM
xsim &
//Wmaker：
exec /etc/X11/Xsession /usr/bin/wmaker

6.配置wmaker：(以下可用脚本/bat/wmconf作)
1）用wmakerconf和wprefs吧。
比如图标大小，窗口颜色，窗口启动位置等等。

2）我的/etc/GNUstep/Defaults 下的一些文件：
//WindowMaker:
{
  HighlightColor = "#ffffff";
  MenuTextFont = "-misc-simsun-medium-r-normal-*-16-*-*-*-c-*-gb2312.1980-0";
  MoveResizeKey = None;
  UTitleBack = (mdgradient, "#a99d8e", "rgb:8c/81/6d", "rgb:c6/b9/ae");
  MouseMiddleButtonAction = OpenWindowListMenu;
  WindowShortcut10Key = None;
  PTitleBack = (mdgradient, "#68686a", "rgb:51/50/55", "rgb:80/80/80");
  PixmapPath = (
"/usr/share/pixmaps",
"~/pixmaps",
"~/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/Backgrounds",
"~/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/Pixmaps",
"/usr/local/share/WindowMaker/Backgrounds",
"/usr/local/share/WindowMaker/Pixmaps",
"/usr/share/WindowMaker/Backgrounds",
"/usr/share/WindowMaker/Pixmaps",
"/usr/local/share/pixmaps",
"/usr/share/pixmaps",
"/usr/X11R6/include/X11/pixmaps"
  );
  NoWindowOverIcons = YES;
  MiniwindowTitleBalloons = NO;
  NoWindowOverDock = YES;
  WindowTitleFont = "-misc-simsun-bold-r-normal-*-18-*-*-*-c-*-gb2312.1980-0";
  MenuDisabledColor = "#636563";
  ClipTitleFont = "-misc-simsun-medium-r-normal-*-16-*-*-*-c-*-gb2312.1980-0";
  MenuTextBack = (mhgradient, "#e3dcd7", "rgb:c6/b9/ae", "rgb:ff/ff/ff");
  MenuTitleBack = (solid, "#110e38");
  IconBack = (mdgradient, "#a99d8e", "rgb:8c/81/6d", "rgb:c6/b9/ae");
  FTitleBack = (solid, "#0c0b47");
  WindowShortcut1Key = None;
  MouseRightButtonAction = OpenApplicationsMenu;
  WindowShortcut2Key = None;
  ToggleKbdModeKey = None;
  WindowShortcut3Key = None;
  WindowShortcut4Key = None;
  MenuTextColor = "#000000";
  HighlightTextColor = "#000000";
  WindowShortcut5Key = None;
  NoWindowUnderDock = Yes;
  MenuTitleFont = "-misc-simsun-bold-r-normal-*-18-*-*-*-c-*-gb2312.1980-0";
  MenuTitleColor = "#ffffff";
  WindowShortcut6Key = None;
  WorkspaceNameDisplayPosition = center;
  LargeDisplayFont = "-misc-simsun-bold-r-normal-*-*-180-*-*-c-*-gb2312.1980-0";
  WindowShortcut7Key = None;
  AppIconBalloons = NO;
  FTitleColor = "#ffffff";
  MouseLeftButtonAction = SelectWindows;
  WorkspaceBorderSize = 0;
  WorkspaceBack = (cpixmap, "/mydoc/enjoy/photos/cool/kof97.jpg", "#000000");
  IconTitleFont = "-misc-simsun-medium-r-normal-*-16-*-*-*-c-*-gb2312.1980-0";
  HideOthersKey = None;
  UTitleColor = "#000000";
  IconPath = (
"/usr/share/pixmaps/",
"~/pixmaps",
"~/GNUstep/Library/Icons",
"/usr/local/share/WindowMaker/Icons",
"/usr/share/WindowMaker/Icons",
"/usr/local/share/icons",
"/usr/share/icons",
"/usr/X11R6/include/X11/pixmaps"
  );
  PTitleColor = "#ffffff";
  Attraction = NO;
  WorkspaceBorder = None;
  HelpBalloons = NO;
  WindowPlaceOrigin = (0, 0);
  DisableAnimations = YES;
  CirculateRaise = NO;
  WindowShortcut8Key = None;
  ScreenSwitchKey = None;
  DisableSound = YES;
  WindowShortcut9Key = None;
  HMaximizeKey = None;
  MouseWheelAction = None;
  DisableBlinking = NO;
  RootMenuKey = F12;
  IconSize = 40;
}

//WMGLOBAL：
{
MultiByteText = YES;
}

//WMRootMenu：
menu.zh_CN.my

3)/etc/X11/WindowMaker/menu.zh_CN.my为:这就是wmaker的系统菜单
#include "wmmacros"

"根菜单" MENU

"运行..." EXEC %a(运行,要执行的命令

"工作空间" MENU
"隐藏其他" HIDE_OTHERS
         "显示所有" SHOW_ALL
"排列图标" ARRANGE_ICONS
"刷新" REFRESH
"保存会话" SAVE_SESSION
"清除保存的会话" CLEAR_SESSION
"切换工作空间" WORKSPACE_MENU
"工作空间" END

"终端" MENU
"Gterm" EXEC gnome-terminal --use-factory --start-factory-server
"Rxvt" EXEC rxvt
"终端" END

"文件阅读编辑器" MENU
"Gnp" EXEC gnp
"XEmacs" SHEXEC xemacs || emacs
            "Ghostview" EXEC ghostview
"Xpdf" EXEC xpdf
            "Acrobat" EXEC /usr/local/Acrobat5/bin/acroread
"LyX" EXEC lyx
"文件阅读编辑器" END

      "文件管理器" MENU
"Nautilus" EXEC nautilus --no-desktop
"Gentoo" EXEC gentoo --root-ok
"File-Roller" EXEC file-roller
"Gnome-Find" EXEC gnome-find
"文件管理器" END

"网络工具" MENU
"Galeon"  EXEC galeon
"Evolution" EXEC evolution
"D4x" EXEC d4x
"Gftp" EXEC gftp
"Nt" EXEC nt
"Xchat" EXEC xchat
"Gaim" EXEC gaim
"Lynx" EXEC lynx
"网络工具" END

"办公" MENU
"OpenOffice" EXEC /usr/local/OpenOffice.org1.0.1/soffice
"Dia" EXEC dia-gnome
"Emacs21" EXEC emacs21
"办公" END

"程序开发" MENU
"Anjuta" EXEC anjuta
"Glade" EXEC glade
"DevHelp" EXEC devhelp
"程序开发" END

"多媒体" MENU
"Gmplayer" SHEXEC gmplayer
"CD Player" EXEC gtcd
"RealPlayer" EXEC /usr/local/RealPlayer8/realplay
"XMMS" exec xmms
"Mixer" EXEC gmix
"Gqview" EXEC gqview
"Gimp" SHEXEC gimp
"IconEditor" EXEC gnome-iconedit
"多媒体" END

"中文工具" MENU
"星际译王" EXEC /usr/local/dic/stardic
"

ydict" EXEC pydict
"中文工具" END

"系统配置优化" MENU
"GNOME 控制台" EXEC gnomecc
"WindowMaker 配置" EXEC wmakerconf
"图形apt" EXEC synaptic
"Wprefs" EXEC /usr/lib/GNUstep/System/Applications/WPrefs.app/WPrefs
"外观" MENU
              "主题" OPEN_MENU -noext THEMES_DIR $HOME/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/Themes WITH setstyle
               "风格" OPEN_MENU -noext STYLES_DIR $HOME/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/Styles WITH setstyle
               "图标集" OPEN_MENU -noext ICON_SETS_DIR $HOME/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/IconSets WITH seticons
                  "背景" MENU
                           "单色" MENU
                           "黑" WS_BACK '(solid, black)'
                           "蓝"  WS_BACK '(solid, "#505075")'
                           "青" WS_BACK '(solid, "#243e6c")'
                           "深蓝" WS_BACK '(solid, "#224477")'
                           "紫" WS_BACK '(solid, "#554466")'
                           "淡黄"  WS_BACK '(solid, "wheat4")'
                           "深灰"  WS_BACK '(solid, "#333340")'
                           "酒红" WS_BACK '(solid, "#400020")'
                          "单色" END
                          "过渡色" MENU
                              "日落" WS_BACK '(mvgradient, deepskyblue4, black, deepskyblue4, tomato4)'
                           "天空" WS_BACK '(vgradient, blue4, white)'
                           "蓝色阴影" WS_BACK '(vgradient, "#7080a5", "#101020")'
           "过渡色" END
"背景" END
"保存主题" SHEXEC getstyle -t $HOME/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/Themes/"%a(主题名,输入文件名

"
"保存图标集" SHEXEC geticonset $HOME/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/IconSets/"%a(图标集名,输入文件名

"
"外观" END

"系统配置优化" END

"系统信息监视" MENU
"IDE 状态" EXEC idetool
"系统控制台" EXEC xconsole
"System info" EXEC guname
"系统监视" EXEC gkrellm
"系统负载" SHEXEC xosview || xload
"进程列表" EXEC gtop
"系统信息监视" END

"系统安全" MENU
"防火墙配置Lokkit" EXEC gnome-lokkit
"系统安全" END

"工具箱" MENU
"Gnome-commander" SHEXEC gnome-commander
"Ksnapshot" EXEC ksnapshot
"窗口管理器属性" SHEXEC xprop | xmessage -center -title 'xprop' -file -
"工具箱" END

"游戏" MENU
"quadra" EXEC /usr/games/quadra
"游戏" END

"EDA工具" MENU
"EDA工具" END

"其他" MENU
"其他" END

"帮助" MENU
"Gnome 帮助系统" EXEC gnome-help-browser
"查找手册" SHEXEC MANUAL_SEARCH(%s)
"手册浏览器" EXEC xman
"帮助" END

"ENGLISH-MENU" MENU
"Info" MENU
"Info Panel" INFO_PANEL
"Legal" LEGAL_PANEL
"System Console" EXEC xconsole
"System Load" SHEXEC xosview || xload
"

rocess List" EXEC xterm -e top
"Manual Browser" EXEC xman
"Info" END
"Run..." SHEXEC %a(Run,Type command to run

"XTerm" EXEC xterm -sb
"Rxvt" EXEC rxvt -bg black -fg white -fn fixed
"Workspaces" WORKSPACE_MENU
"Applications" MENU
"Graphics" MENU
"Gimp" SHEXEC gimp >/dev/null
"XV" EXEC xv
"XPaint" EXEC xpaint
"XFig" EXEC xfig
"Graphics" END
"X File Manager" EXEC xfm
"OffiX Files" EXEC files
"LyX" EXEC lyx
"Netscape" EXEC netscape
"Ghostview" EXEC ghostview %a(GhostView,Enter file to view)
"Acrobat" EXEC /usr/local/Acrobat3/bin/acroread %a(Acrobar,Enter PDF to view)
"TkDesk" EXEC tkdesk
"Applications" END
"Editors" MENU
"XFte" EXEC xfte
"XEmacs" EXEC xemacs
"Emacs" EXEC emacs
"XJed" EXEC xjed
"NEdit" EXEC nedit
"Xedit" EXEC xedit
"VI" EXEC xterm -e vi
"Editors" END
"Miscellaneous" MENU
"Xmcd" SHEXEC xmcd 2> /dev/null
"Xplaycd" EXEC xplaycd
"Xmixer" EXEC xmixer
"Miscellaneous" END
"Utils" MENU
"Calculator" EXEC xcalc
"Window Properties" SHEXEC xprop | xmessage -center -title 'xprop' -file -
"Font Chooser" EXEC xfontsel
"Terminal Emulator" EXEC xminicom
"Magnify" EXEC xmag
"Colormap" EXEC xcmap
"XKill" EXEC xkill
"Clipboard" EXEC xclipboard
"Utils" END

"Selection" MENU
"Copy" SHEXEC echo '%s' | wxcopy
"Mail To" EXEC xterm -name mail -T "

ine" -e pine %s
"Navigate" EXEC netscape %s
"Search in Manual" SHEXEC MANUAL_SEARCH(%s)
"Selection" END

"Commands" MENU
"Hide Others" HIDE_OTHERS
"Show All" SHOW_ALL
"Arrange Icons" ARRANGE_ICONS
"Refresh" REFRESH
"Lock" EXEC xlock -allowroot -usefirst
"Save Session" SAVE_SESSION
"Clear Session" CLEAR_SESSION
"Commands" END

"Appearance" MENU
"Themes" OPEN_MENU -noext THEMES_DIR $HOME/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/Themes WITH setstyle
"Styles" OPEN_MENU -noext STYLES_DIR $HOME/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/Styles WITH setstyle
"Icon Sets" OPEN_MENU -noext ICON_SETS_DIR $HOME/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/IconSets WITH seticons
"Background" MENU
"Solid" MENU
                        "Black" WS_BACK '(solid, black)'
                        "Blue"  WS_BACK '(solid, "#505075")'
"Indigo" WS_BACK '(solid, "#243e6c")'
"Bleumarine" WS_BACK '(solid, "#224477")'
                        "

urple" WS_BACK '(solid, "#554466")'
                        "Wheat"  WS_BACK '(solid, "wheat4")'
                        "Dark Gray"  WS_BACK '(solid, "#333340")'
                        "Wine" WS_BACK '(solid, "#400020")'
"Solid" END
"Gradient" MENU
"Sunset" WS_BACK '(mvgradient, deepskyblue4, black, deepskyblue4, tomato4)'
"Sky" WS_BACK '(vgradient, blue4, white)'
"Blue Shades" WS_BACK '(vgradient, "#7080a5", "#101020")'
"Indigo Shades" WS_BACK '(vgradient, "#746ebc", "#242e4c")'
        "

urple Shades" WS_BACK '(vgradient, "#654c66", "#151426")'
"Wheat Shades" WS_BACK '(vgradient, "#a09060", "#302010")'
"Grey Shades" WS_BACK '(vgradient, "#636380", "#131318")'
"Wine Shades" WS_BACK '(vgradient, "#600040", "#180010")'
"Gradient" END
"Images" OPEN_MENU -noext BACKGROUNDS_DIR $HOME/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/Backgrounds WITH wmsetbg -u -t
"Background" END
"Save Theme" SHEXEC getstyle -t $HOME/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/Themes/"%a(Theme name,Enter file name

"
"Save IconSet" SHEXEC geticonset $HOME/GNUstep/Library/WindowMaker/IconSets/"%a(IconSet name,Enter file name

"
"

references Utility" EXEC /usr/local/GNUstep/Apps/WPrefs.app/WPrefs
"Appearance" END

"Exit" MENU
"Restart" RESTART
"Start BlackBox" RESTART blackbox
"Start kwm" RESTART kwm
"Start IceWM" RESTART icewm
"Exit"  EXIT
"Exit" END
"ENGLISH-MENU" END

"HOOK-MENU" MENU
#include <menu.prehook>
"Apps" MENU

"Editors" MENU
  "Gnotepad+" EXEC /usr/bin/gnp
  "LyX" EXEC /usr/bin/lyx
  "Nano" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Nano" -e /usr/bin/nano
  "Vim" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Vim" -e /usr/bin/vim
  "XEmacs21-mule" EXEC /usr/bin/xemacs21-mule
  "Xedit" EXEC xedit
"Editors" END

"Graphics" MENU
  "Bitmap" EXEC bitmap
  "The GIMP" EXEC /usr/bin/gimp
"Graphics" END

"Math" MENU
  "Xcalc" EXEC xcalc
  "bc" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "bc" -e /usr/bin/bc
  "dc" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "dc" -e /usr/bin/dc
"Math" END

"Net" MENU
  "Downloader for X" EXEC /usr/bin/nt
  "Evolution" EXEC /usr/bin/evolution
  "Gaim" EXEC /usr/bin/gaim
  "Galeon" EXEC /usr/bin/galeon
  "Lynx" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Lynx" -e /usr/bin/lynx

"Mozilla Components" MENU
  "Mozilla Browser" EXEC mozilla
  "Mozilla Composer" EXEC mozilla -edit
"Mozilla Components" END
  "Mozilla Navigator" EXEC mozilla
  "Mutt" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Mutt" -e /usr/bin/mutt
  "Telnet" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Telnet" -e telnet
  "X Chat" EXEC /usr/bin/xchat
  "Xbiff" EXEC xbiff
"Net" END

"

rogramming" MENU
  "DevHelp" EXEC /usr/bin/devhelp
  "Gdb" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Gdb" -e /usr/bin/gdb
  "Glade" EXEC /usr/bin/glade
  "Python (v2.1)" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Python (v2.1)" -e /usr/bin/python2.1
  "Python (v2.2)" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Python (v2.2)" -e /usr/bin/python2.2
  "Qt Designer" EXEC /usr/bin/designer
  "Qt Linguist" EXEC /usr/bin/linguist
  "anjuta" EXEC /usr/bin/anjuta
"Programming" END

"Shells" MENU
  "Bash" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Bash" -e /bin/bash -login
  "Sh" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Sh" -e /bin/sh -login
  "Tcsh" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Tcsh" -e /usr/bin/tcsh
"Shells" END

"Sound" MENU
  "XMMS" EXEC xmms
  "wmXMMS" EXEC wmxmms
"Sound" END

"System" MENU

"Admin" MENU
  "Lilo-config" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Lilo-config" -e /usr/sbin/su-to-root -p root -c /usr/sbin/liloconfig
  "pppconfig" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "pppconfig" -e /usr/sbin/su-to-root -p root -c /usr/sbin/pppconfig
"Admin" END
  "DSL/PPPoE configuration tool" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "DSL/PPPoE configuration tool" -e /usr/sbin/pppoeconf
  "G-Top" EXEC /usr/bin/gtop
  "GKrellM" EXEC /usr/bin/gkrellm

"Language-Environment" MENU
  "Belarusian environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Belarusian environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l be
  "Bulgarian environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Bulgarian environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l bg
  "Danish environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Danish environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l da
  "French environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "French environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l fr
  "German environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "German environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l de
  "Japanese environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Japanese environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l ja
  "Korean environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Korean environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l ko
  "Macedonian environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Macedonian environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l mk
  "Native Language Environment" EXEC /usr/bin/tklanguage
  "Native Language Environment - remove" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Native Language Environment - remove" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -r
  "Polish environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Polish environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l pl
  "Russian environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Russian environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l ru
  "Serbian environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Serbian environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l sr
  "Spanish environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Spanish environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l es
  "Thai environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Thai environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l th
  "Ukrainian environment" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Ukrainian environment" -e /usr/bin/set-language-env -l uk
"Language-Environment" END
  "Task selector" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Task selector" -e su-to-root /usr/bin/tasksel
  "Top" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Top" -e /usr/bin/top
  "Wmakerconf" EXEC /usr/bin/wmakerconf
  "Xconsole" EXEC xconsole
  "Xload" EXEC xload
  "Xvidtune" EXEC xvidtune
  "aptitude" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "aptitude" -e /usr/bin/aptitude
  "pstree" EXEC /etc/alternatives/x-terminal-emulator -e /usr/bin/pstree.x11
  "reportbug" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "reportbug" -e /usr/bin/reportbug
  "xosview" EXEC /usr/bin/xosview
"System" END

"Text" MENU
  "Fortune" EXEC sh -c 'while fortune | col -x | xmessage -center -buttons OK:1,Another:0 -default OK -file - ; do :; done'
  "pyDict" EXEC /usr/bin/pydict
  "stardic (fanti)" EXEC /usr/bin/stardic-ft
  "stardic (jianti)" EXEC /usr/bin/stardic
"Text" END

"Tools" MENU
  "Chinese Panel" EXEC /usr/bin/cpanel
  "Editres" EXEC editres
  "Gentoo" EXEC gentoo
  "Oclock" EXEC oclock
  "X Window Snapshot" EXEC xwd | xwud
  "Xclipboard" EXEC xclipboard
  "Xclock (analog)" EXEC xclock -analog
  "Xclock (digital)" EXEC xclock -digital -update 1
  "Xcutsel" EXEC xcutsel
  "Xev" EXEC x-terminal-emulator -e xev
  "Xfontsel" EXEC xfontsel
  "Xkill" EXEC xkill
  "Xmag" EXEC xmag
  "Xrefresh" EXEC xrefresh
  "mc" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "mc" -e /usr/bin/mc
  "wmITime" EXEC /usr/bin/wmitime
"Tools" END

"Viewers" MENU
  "XDvi" EXEC /usr/bin/xdvi
  "Xditview" EXEC xditview
  "Xpdf" EXEC /usr/bin/xpdf
  "gqview" EXEC /usr/bin/gqview
"Viewers" END
"Apps" END

"Games" MENU

"Toys" MENU
  "Xeyes" EXEC xeyes
  "Xlogo" EXEC xlogo
"Toys" END
"Games" END

"Help" MENU
  "Info" EXEC x-terminal-emulator  -T "Info" -e info
  "Texdoctk" EXEC /usr/bin/texdoctk
  "Xman" EXEC xman
"Help" END

"Screen" MENU
  "Refresh"  REFRESH

"Root-window" MENU
  "Xsetroot" EXEC xsetroot
"Root-window" END

"Save" MENU
  "Beforelight" EXEC beforelight
"Save" END
"Screen" END

"WindowManagers" MENU
  "Exit"  EXIT
  "Exit session"  SHUTDOWN
  "Restart"  RESTART
  "Preferences"  EXEC WPrefs
  "Twm" RESTART twm
  "Window Maker" RESTART /usr/bin/wmaker
  "Info Panel ..."  INFO_PANEL
  "Legal Panel ..."  LEGAL_PANEL
"WindowManagers" END

"WorkSpace" MENU
  "Appearance"  OPEN_MENU appearance.menu
  "Arrange Icons"  ARRANGE_ICONS
  "Clear Session"  CLEAR_SESSION
  "Hide Others"  HIDE_OTHERS
  "Save Session"  SAVE_SESSION
  "Show All"  SHOW_ALL
  "Workspaces"  WORKSPACE_MENU
"WorkSpace" END

"XShells" MENU
  "CRxvt (Big5) " EXEC crxvt-big5 -im xcin -pt Root
  "CRxvt (GB)" EXEC crxvt-gb -im xcin-zh_CN.GB2312 -pt Root
  "Chinput" EXEC /usr/bin/chinput
  "GRxvt" EXEC grxvt
  "KRxvt" EXEC krxvt
  "XCIN" EXEC /usr/bin/xcin
  "XCINterm (Big5)" EXEC /usr/bin/xcinterm-big5
  "XCINterm (GB2312)" EXEC /usr/bin/xcinterm-gb2312
  "XTerm" EXEC xterm
  "XTerm (Unicode)" EXEC uxterm
"XShells" END

#include <menu.posthook>
"HOOK-MENU" END

"退出" MENU
"重启wmaker" RESTART
"启动gnome-session" RESTART gnome-session
            "退出wmaker"  EXIT
"重启计算机" EXEC reboot
"关闭计算机" EXEC halt
"退出" END

"根菜单" END

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