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第一章:计划
QUESTION 1/20:
Although there are many Linux distributions, the term "Linux" refers to:
A. Red Hat Linux
B. The Linux kernel
C. Linus Torvalds
D. Free operating systems
ANSWER:
B: The Linux kernel. All Linux distributions are built around the Linux kernel.
QUESTION 2/20:
A Workstation installation of Red Hat Linux gives you:
A. An easy and fast install with maximum flexibility in configuration
B. A somewhat more complicated install with maximum flexibility in configuration
C. An easy and fast install with minimum flexibility in configuration
D. A somewhat more complicated install with minimum flexibility in configuration
ANSWER:
C: An easy and fast install with minimum flexibility in configuration. Selecting a Workstation install gives you the fastest and easiest install, but sacrifices flexibility in configuration.
QUESTION 3/20:
The protocol used by the Internet is:
A. TCP/IP
B. Ethernet
C. IPX
D. AppleTalk
ANSWER:
A: TCP/IP. Linux was built from the ground up to support TCP/IP, and many other networking protocols.
QUESTION 4/20:
The term "Free Software" implies that:
A. The software is free of cost.
B. The distributor cannot charge you for the software.
C. The software is freely modifiable and distributable.
D. Only the software's author can charge a fee for using it.
ANSWER:
C: The software is freely modifiable and distributable. Free software isn't about cost, but about freedom.
QUESTION 5/20:
Hardware to avoid using with Linux would be:
A. SCSI drives
B. Intel 486 systems
C. IDE CD-ROMs
D. Winmodems
ANSWER:
D: Winmodems. You should avoid attempting to use Winmodems with Linux.
QUESTION 6/20:
What type of install gives you the most flexibility in configuration?
A. Workstation
B. Server
C. Custom
D. Server and Custom
ANSWER:
C: Custom. The Custom install option gives the most flexibility in configuration.
QUESTION 7/20:
Currently, Linux scales up to how many processors?
A. 2
B. 8
C. 16
D. 32
ANSWER:
C: 16. Linux currently scales up to 16 processors.
QUESTION 8/20:
Although originally intended to run on the Intel platform, Linux has been ported to which other platform?
A. Sparc
B. Alpha
C. Power PC
D. All of the above
ANSWER:
D: All of the above. Linux has been ported to the Sparc, Alpha, Power PC platforms, as well as many others.
QUESTION 9/20:
Approximately how much disk space is needed for a Red Hat Linux Workstation install?
A. 250MB
B. 500MB
C. 600MB
D. 700MB
ANSWER:
C: Approximately 600MB of free disk space is needed for a Red Hat Linux Workstation install.
QUESTION 10/20:
Most of the software and utilities in distributions such as Red Hat Linux are:
A. GNU utilities
B. Red Hat RPMs
C. Proprietary
D. Linux kernel utilities
ANSWER:
A: GNU utilities. GNU utilities make up the majority of software included in most Linux distributions today
QUESTION 11/20:
Although Linux is a direct descendent of UNIX, it was originally modeled around what operating system?
A. MS-DOS
B. Minix
C. POSIX
D. OSF/1
ANSWER:
B: Minix. Linux was originally modeled after the Minix operating system.
QUESTION 12/20:
Linux was the first real free operating system, and spawned further free efforts such as the HURD kernel and BSD ports.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER:
B: False. At the time Linux was being developed, The HURD kernel was being developed, and BSD was actively being ported to the Intel architecture.
QUESTION 13/20:
DOS partitions are removed on what types of Red Hat Linux installations?
A. Workstation
B. Server
C. Workstation and Server
D. None of the above
ANSWER:
B: Server. DOS partitions are removed on Server installs only. You may remove them on Custom installs.
QUESTION 14/20:
In his paper, "The Cathedral and The Bazaar," Eric S. Raymond likened traditional software companies to:
A. Linux kernel developers
B. A bazaar
C. Cathedral builders
D. UNIX developers
ANSWER:
C: Cathedral builders. Eric S. Raymond likened traditional software companies to Cathedral builders.
QUESTION 15/20:
Advantages of Free/Open Source software are:
A. Stability
B. Support
C. Freedom
D. All of the above
ANSWER:
D: All of the above. Free/Open Source software gives end users stability, support, freedom, and also the ability to make modifications to the source code.
QUESTION 16/20:
Most e-mail on the Internet passes through what free/open source mail transport software?
A. Microsoft Exchange
B. Netscape
C. Open Mail
D. Sendmail
ANSWER:
D: Sendmail. Most e-mail on the Internet passes through Sendmail, a free mail transport agent written by Eric Allman.
QUESTION 17/20:
The kernel and associated files reside on which partition?
A. /boot
B. /etc
C. /usr
D. /var
ANSWER:
A: /boot. The kernel and associated files reside on the /boot partition.
QUESTION 18/20:
Linux uses what type of kernel architecture?
A. Static
B. Microkernel
C. Distributed
D. Monolithic
ANSWER:
D: Monolithic. The Linux kernel uses a monolithic kernel architecture.
QUESTION 19/20:
When selecting disk drives for a Linux install, the following information should be documented:
A. Capacity
B. Drive type (SCSI or IDE)
C. Manufacturer
D. All of the above
ANSWER:
D: All of the above. Capacity, drive type, and manufacturer should be documented when selecting a hard drive for a Linux install.
QUESTION 20/20:
The memory management system Linux uses is:
A. Swapping
B. Paging
C. Preemptive multitasking
D. Byte-swapping
ANSWER:
B: Paging. Linux uses paging, a method that intelligently allocates memory when system memory is running low by prioritizing memory tasks.
第二章:安装准备
QUESTION 1/20:
What is the maximum amount of partitions that you can create for (E)IDE and SCSI disks?
A. There is no maximum.
B. 63 for (E)IDE and 15 for SCSI.
C. 64 for (E)IDE and 16 for SCSI.
D. Linux only supports a total of 64 partitions of all disks together.
ANSWER:
B: Of course, you need to use extended and logical partitions to reach these limits. Otherwise, you are limited to using only four partitions each (of primary partitions).
QUESTION 2/20:
You attempt to install Linux on an old 80386 computer. You manage to scavenge an 800MB hard drive to use. However, when you boot the computer, it reports the hard drive to be only 504MB. Why?
A. The BIOS can access only the first partition, which must be 504MB.
B. The hard drive must have bad sectors.
C. The BIOS only supports IDE, not EIDE.
D. An 80386 CPU can only address 504MB of data.
ANSWER:
C: The IDE (or ATA) standard does not support hard disks larger than 504MB. The 80386 computer was most likely manufactured before support for large drives was added with EIDE (ATA-s, or Fast-ATA).
QUESTION 3/20
What do you need to do in order to get past the 504MB barrier with an EIDE hard disk controller?
A. Add a SCSI controller.
B. Upgrade to an ATA-2 controller.
C. Set jumpers on the hard disks to support EIDE.
D. Set the hard drive translation mode to LBA in the BIOS.
ANSWER:
D: EIDE controllers support hard disks larger than 504MB, but your computer's BIOS may not be able to access the entire drive unless LBA translation is used.
QUESTION 4/20:
What do you need to do in order to be able to use a third or fourth serial port in Linux? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Obtain and install a hardware card that has more ports.
B. Linux kernel 2.2 already handles this for you.
C. Add a new entry to the file /etc/serial.conf.
D. Use the setserial utility to assign resources to the new serial port.
ANSWER:
B, D: Use the setserial utility for Linux kernels earlier than 2.2.x. To configure the serial ports at boot time, edit the /etc/rc.d/rc.serial file to run the setserial command for each serial port you use. With kernel version 2.2.x, you don't need to assign unique IRQs for each serial port.
QUESTION 5/20:
What is the best way to decide how much swap space to use?
A. Find out the maximum memory requirements of the system, then subtract the amount of physical RAM. The remaining value is how much swap space you should have.
B. You don't need to. Linux handles the swap space automatically.
C. 640k is all anyone will ever need!
D. Match your RAM, MB for MB.
ANSWER:
A: You do not want to have too little swap space, but at the same time, allotting too much is a waste of disk space.
QUESTION 6/20:
When planning your Red Hat Linux installation, which of the following information is the least important to take note of?
A. The speed of your CD-ROM.
B. What type of mouse you will be using.
C. The frequency specifications of your monitor.
D. The model of your network card.
ANSWER:
A: The only thing the speed of you CD-ROM will affect is the amount of time the install will take if you are installing from a CD-ROM.
QUESTION 7/20:
You are setting up a Linux Server to be a file server for an office of 30 people. The server has 64MB of memory. How much of that memory should you reserve to be used as buffer cache?
A. Find out the maximum memory requirements of the system, then subtract the amount of RAM (64MB). The remaining value should be used to buffer cache.
B. You don't need to. Linux handles the buffer cache automatically.
C. About 1MB per user should be sufficient; therefore, use 30MB.
D. Always use double the amount of available RAM.
ANSWER:
B: The Linux kernel will dynamically use all of the available memory in RAM to be used as buffer cache. The update daemon manages disk buffering by calling the sync command and running bdflush periodically.
QUESTION 8/20:
You install Linux onto a laptop and discover that there are two PCMCIA cards that you will need to install drivers for: an Ethernet card and a modem. What do you need to do in order to get these cards working?
A. Recompile the Linux kernel to support Ethernet. Setting up the modem should be as easy as configuring the serial port it uses.
B. Install the Card Services package to get the needed kernel modules and utilities to manage PCMCIA.
C. Run the ifconfig and route utilities to configure the cards.
D. Edit the file /proc/devices to reflect the new hardware, then configure the files in /etc/sysconfig to get them up and running.
ANSWER:
B: The Card Services package is needed in order for any PCMCIA device to work. The standard Linux kernel source code does not come with the required modules and drivers needed by PCMCIA devices. Also, the Card Services package includes a daemon to manage the cards for such things as loading, unloading, and inserting and removing cards.
QUESTION 9/20:
After installing an ISA plug-and-play device into a computer running Linux, what needs to be done in order to get the card working?
A. Install and configure the isapnptools package for Linux.
B. Nothing. Since it's a plug-and-play card, Linux will be able to install the device drivers and kernel modules automatically.
C. The card will not work. Plug-and-play ISA cards are not supported in Linux.
D. Run the pnpprobe utility to set the resources that the card should use.
ANSWER:
A: While support for ISA plug-and-play devices is still somewhat lacking in Linux, the isapnptools package contains utilities that can be used to get the cards working. Try running man isapnp in Linux for more information.
QUESTION 10/20:
You installed a printer onto a Linux workstation. After experiencing a lot of trouble trying to make it print, you're finally successful. However, now the sound card has stopped working. What most likely went wrong?
A. The sound card was probably a plug-and-play device, and since Linux doesn't handle plug and play well, it couldn't detect the card after the new printer was installed.
B. There is an IRQ conflict between the printer and the sound card.
C. The sound card and printer are using the same device file in the /dev directory. You need to create a new device in the /dev directory to use both devices.
D. None of the above.
ANSWER:
B: The default IRQ for a parallel port (what the printer is using) is 5 or 7. Many sound cards will try to use the one of these IRQs as well. Try running cat /proc/interrupts to see what IRQs are being used, then choose a free one to assign to the sound card.
QUESTION 11/20:
Of the following hardware, which would be the easiest to install Red Hat Linux on?
A. A Toshiba laptop with an Intel Pentium II 266MHz CPU
B. An IBM PC XT
C. A 486DX/100 IBM Clone
D. A PowerMac G3
ANSWER:
C: The 486 computer is supported by Red Hat. Toshiba has only recently released specifications for its hardware, so support is limited. Linux was originally developed for the 386 architecture. While there are efforts to port it to 80286 and 8086 (the 8088?) computers, and Linux does run on PowerMac G3 CPUs, Red Hat Linux is not aimed at these architectures.
QUESTION 12/20:
What problems could you come across when using systems that mix (E)IDE and SCSI technologies?
A. You can't mix them together.
B. There are potential IRQ conflicts between the controllers for each device.
C. The computer's BIOS may not be able to access SCSI devices.
D. SCSI disks cannot use LBA translation like (E)IDE devices can.
ANSWER:
C: Depending on the computer's BIOS, SCSI disks may not be accessible to the computer's BIOS, which can cause troubles when trying to boot Linux. This means that you might not be able to boot off of a SCSI disk, or that your BIOS will assign a different order to your hard disks than Linux will, confusing Linux as to which disk is which.
QUESTION 13/20:
RAID is an acronym for:
A. Redundant Array of Independent Disks
B. Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks
C. Reliable Array of Independent Disks
D. Redundant Assortment of Inexpensive Disks
ANSWER:
A, B: Independent or Inexpensive have both been acceptable for the "I" in RAID.
QUESTION 14/20:
You get a phone call from a frustrated user who just bought a new modem. The modem is a Lucent 56k Winmodem, and the user is having trouble making it work in Linux. Which of the following is most likely the source of his trouble?
A. An IRQ conflict is preventing Linux from using the modem.
B. Winmodems are specific to Windows operating systems. Linux cannot use them.
C. The modem is a plug-and-play device, and the user does not have the isapnptools package installed/configured.
D. Linux does not support 56k modems.
ANSWER:
B: Winmodems are not supported under Linux. They are hardware devices that are incomplete when it come to hardware design. This is made up for through software programming. However, in the case of Winmodems, the software only works for Windows operating systems.
QUESTION 15/20:
What downside is there to extensive partitioning?
A. Slower disk access.
B. Unused disk space is wasted.
C. Data fragmentation.
D. The root partition might not be able to be accessed at boot time.
ANSWER:
B: If you allocate too much space on a partition than will ever be used, then that space is wasted.
QUESTION 16/20:
What does LDP stand for?
A. Linux Development Project
B. Linux Development and Planning
C. Linux Documentation Project
D. None of the above.
ANSWER:
C: Linux Documentation Project. It can be your best friend. You'll use it often.
QUESTION 17/20:
A coworker bought a brand new mouse to use on his Linux workstation. He tells you that the person he bought it from said it would work, but he is very frustrated because it doesn't. The old mouse had a rectangular 9-pin connector, and the new mouse has a round 6-pin mini DIN connector. What is most likely the reason why your coworker's new mouse doesn't work?
A. The person who sold him the mouse sold him the wrong type. Your coworker should take it back and get a refund.
B. The new mouse needs an adapter to change the round 6-pin mini DIN connector to the rectangular 9-pin connector.
C. Your coworker's Linux workstation isn't set up to use a PS/2 mouse.
D. Your coworker's Linux workstation isn't configured to use a busmouse.
ANSWER:
C: The new mouse is a PS/2 mouse. Therefore, the Linux workstation will have to be configured to use a PS/2 mouse with the PS/2 protocol. You may have to add support for PS/2 mice in the Linux kernel. Once there is support in the kernel, the mouse can be configured to use the PS/2 protocol using the XF86Setup or mouseconfig tool.
QUESTION 18/20:
A coworker transports some files via floppy disk from one Linux workstation to another. When she uses the disk in the second machine, the file that she was trying to copy doesn't exist. What probably happened?
A. Your coworker doesn't have the correct permissions to use the disk on the second machine.
B. She probably did not properly unmount the disk from the first machine.
C. The floppy disk was probably full.
D. This is a security precaution that Linux uses to prevent the spread of computer viruses.
ANSWER:
B: Linux uses disk buffering to make work faster when using a floppy. If your coworker did not properly unmount the floppy, then the disk buffer was probably not written back to the disk. Therefore, the file would not be there.
QUESTION 19/20:
How would an EIDE drive's geometry be changed, using LBA translation, if the drive had 1136 cylinders, 16 heads, and 63 sectors?
A. 1024 cylinders, 128 heads, 63 sectors
B. 1024 cylinders, 16 heads, 175 sectors
C. 284 cylinders, 64 heads, 63 sectors
D. 568 cylinders, 32 heads, 63 sectors
ANSWER:
D: By doubling the amount of heads, the value of cylinders is halved, bringing the geometry within acceptable limits for the BIOS to understand.
QUESTION 20/20:
Which of the following RAID levels provides both redundancy and performance increases?
A. RAID-5
B. RAID-4
C. RAID-1
D. RAID-0
ANSWER:
A: RAID-5 will provide both. There is no redundancy in RAID-0. Performance can actually be decreased in levels 1 and 4.
第三章:安装
QUESTION 1/25:
Your main Linux Web server has been diagnosed as having to use swap on a regular basis. You notice that there is only one big swap file on the same physical disk as the root file system. There are three other disks with space available. How many swap partitions can be utilized, what is the maximum size for any one, and the maximum overall swap space allowed per system?
A. Eight partitions, max 2GB any one, 4GB total
B. Six partitions, max 3GB any one, 4GB total
C. Four partitions, max 4GB any one, 8GB total
D. Two partitions, max 5GB any one, 8GB total
ANSWER:
A: Up to eight partitions, max 2GB for any one, 4GB for all swap space total.
QUESTION 2/25:
What partitions are created by a Server installation?
A. /boot, swap, / , /usr
B. /, swap, /var, /boot
C. swap , /boot, /usr, /home
D. /boot, /, /usr, /home, swap, /var
ANSWER:
D: There are six partitions created out of all available disk space: the root, /, a swap, /var, /boot, /usr and /home.
QUESTION 3/25:
You have configured a new Workstation installation so that it dual boots with Win95. However, you have forgotten the name you used. When you enter Win95, lilo complains it cannot find that installation. You need to display all possible boot choices.
A. Press SPACE BAR-h ENTER
B. Help ENTER
C. TAB
D. ESC1B ENTER
ANSWER:
C: You use the TAB key (or the ? (question mark) to display the listed label names).
QUESTION 4/25:
During installation, you create the first six partitions and then you allocate the file system directory to them sequentially. But there is one partition that you cannot assign as a file system:
A. hda4
B. hda1
C. hda5
D. had
ANSWER:
A: hda4 is the extended partition name and cannot contain a file system, just logical drives.
QUESTION 5/25:
You have a PC that already contains a different version of Linux. During the installation, you are asked where to put the boot loader, lilo. You know there is already another loader called Loadlin installed. Where should you put the installation boot record?
A. In any partition except /boot
B. In any partition except /
C. In partition /boot
D. You do not need to install the lilo boot loader
ANSWER:
C: Since Loadlin is probably already in hda1, the first partition, you should put your boot reference in /boot, and then update loadlin to point to it.
QUESTION 6/25:
A new product you are to add to the server asks you to go into single-user mode to run a system check on the file system. How do you start your system in single-user mode?
A. lilo : boot 1
B. lilo : init 1
C. lilo : single user
D. lilo : linux single
ANSWER:
D: lilo: linux single (this assumes you used the default name tag for the boot image, linux. It could actually be anything, but this is the default. lilo : linux 1 would also work).
QUESTION 7/25:
If you already have a PC with a previous version of Linux on it that you do not want to keep, which installation option will automatically delete only the Linux partitions and install a basic network and X Windows ready-Linux system?
A. Workstation
B. Server
C. Custom
D. Dual Boot
ANSWER:
A: This is the main benefit of the Workstation option, little user interaction, the system creates the partitions from unused or previous Linux type partitions and everything installs for a basic network-ready system. There is no such option as Dual Boot
QUESTION 8/25:
Your MIS manager has heard that there is another boot loader capable of loading many different operating systems. What is an alternate boot loader available for Linux?
A. syslinuz
B. bootfs
C. loadlin
D. pmagic
ANSWER:
C: loadlin can boot many different operating systems; syslinux is used only at installation.
QUESTION 9/25:
During your installation, you are not presented with any option to get to the NFS share where you provided access to the installation files. You do not have a CD-ROM available on this workstation. How do you remedy this?
A. Create the RESCUE.IMG diskette, then reboot with this diskette in floppy drive.
B. Create the PCMCIA.IMG diskette, then reboot with this diskette in floppy drive.
C. Create the BOOTNET.IMG diskette, then reboot with this diskette in floppy drive.
D. Create the SCSI.IMG diskette, enter when prompted.
ANSWER:
C: There is no choice but to start all over. You must use the BOOTNET.IMG file to create your installation diskette; only it provides network based access.
QUESTION 10/25:
During the installation, the authentication screen provides three options. You remember what shadow password is and MD5, but forget exactly what the third option NIS is.
A. Network Inode Slave-Provides shared disk resources
B. Network Information Service-Provides centralized authentication
C. New Internet Standard-Centralized authentication of shared access
D. Newton Interrupt Sequence-File sharing protocol
ANSWER:
B: NIS is a standard centralized master copy of the authentication files that is distributed to all other hosts in a trusted network.
QUESTION 11/25:
What partitions are created by a Workstation installation?
A. /boot, swap, / root
B. /, swap, /root
C. swap, /boot, /usr
D. /boot, /root, /usr
ANSWER:
A: There are three partitions made: /boot, swap ,and a root, /, partition
QUESTION 12/25:
You are in a rush to install a workstation with the minimum number of partitions. What partitions are absolutely required?
A. /boot, swap, /system
B. root(/), swap
C. swap , /boot, /usr
D. /boot, /root
ANSWER:
B: The minimum partition set is a swap and a root(/) partition.
QUESTION 13/25:
You are told to check the Web server drive table after installation. There are eight partitions. Your MIS manager asks how can that be, DOS can only create one primary and one extended. How many primary partitions can any one disk drive contain?
A. 4 primary, 1 extended, 16 total partitions
B. 3 primary, 2 extended, 12 total partitions
C. 12 primary, 1 extended partition
D. 16 extended partitions
ANSWER:
A: 4 total, 3 that are called primary and one extended that can contain 12 logical at most for a total of 16 named partitions.
QUESTION 14/25:
After you have completed your installation, during bootup, the following appears on the console: LI and then the system seems to hang. What appears to be the problem?
A. Cannot find second part of boot loader. /boot may be beyond 1024 cylinder.
B. Other operating system boot loader interfering with lilo.
C. Did not configure an active (boot) partition.
D. System is waiting for special options to the command line.
ANSWER:
A: You will need to use the emergency boot diskette created during the installation (assuming you created it), or re-install the system again.
QUESTION 15/25:
Your current user of this workstation could not get Windows to run so she ran the DOS FDISK.EXE with /MBR to put the boot sector back in place. Now you cannot run Linux. You boot up with the emergency startup disk you created. You need to update the MBR with the Linux Loader program with:
A. /etc/lilo.conf
B. /bin/configlilo
C. /sbin/lilo
D. /bin/sys/liloconf
ANSWER:
C: /sbin/lilo resets the MBR to linux and, depending on /etc/lilo.conf, can provide access to the other operating system.
Answers in Depth ..
QUESTION 16/25:
What program allows you to manage a dual boot between Linux and Win98?
A. lilo
B. syslinux
C. bootp
D. fdisk
ANSWER:
A: lilo
QUESTION 17/25:
You have installed different versions of Linux before. During the installation, you are given a second option to create disk partitions, but you are only familiar with the text-based disk partition management program called:
A. fixdisk
B. rdisk
C. fdisk
D. druidisk
ANSWER:
C: During an installation, there is Disk Druid from Red Hat and the universal fdisk utility (NOT the DOS BASED UTILITY ).
QUESTION 18/25:
The MIS manager wants a further explanation of the drive table on the server; specifically, the type of partition that can contain logical partitions.
A. ext2fs
B. nfs
C. primary
D. extended
ANSWER:
D: The first three partitions are referred to as Primary, the fourth is called an Extended partition and can contain up to 12 logical partitions.
QUESTION 19/25:
A Windows administrator is puzzled by the amount of swap space configured, and wants to know what is recommended for Linux.
A. Same as RAM memory.
B. 40-90MB.
C. Same as the server uses.
D. Two to three times the RAM.
E. There is no recommended amount of swap space, you need to know exactly how much space will be required.
ANSWER:
D: Although it is recommended to have two to three times the amount of RAM, this varies depending on the machine's peak load. For machines with small amounts of RAM, big swap files help it cope with large jobs, and is optimal if the machine is under-powered for some peak performance hits. In actual fact, you do not want the system to use the swap space if at all possible. If you do use swap space regularly, then you need more RAM for the system.
QUESTION 20/25:
After you update the MBR, it only indicates one entry. You need to fix the setup file to include both options. What system file is used to set and create boot entries?
A. /bin/sys/liloconf
B. /sbin/liloconf
C. /etc/lilo.conf
D. /usr/sys/liloconf
ANSWER:
C: /etc/lilo.conf contains all boot entries, the time-out, and which labeled entry is chosen by default.
QUESTION 21/25:
You are asked to install on a machine that has several versions of UNIX on it. There are many different partitions. You only want to use the same type of partitions that Linux already uses. What is the native file system format used by Linux?
A. ufs
B. ext2fs
C. dos
D. fat
ANSWER:
B: Although the system usually denotes it as Linux Native, the conventional name is the Extended 2 File System, ext2fs or ext2, denoted with an ID of 0x83 (swap is ID 0x82).
Answers in Depth ..
QUESTION 22/25:
During the installation, you are asked to configure your network card to access the installation source files from an NFS server. Assuming you have already input the IP address and netmask for this host, you need to have:
A. DNS Server IP, BOOTP Server IP, NFS export name
B. DNS export name, BOOTP Server IP, NFS Server IP
C. DHCP Server IP, DHCP name, NFS export name
D. NFS export name, NFS Server IP
ANSWER:
D: The IP address or full Domain Name of the NFS server and the export directory name. You must already have an IP address, netmask (and optional gateway IP if the services are on another network), or be using DHCP or BOOTP to obtain it, for the install host.
QUESTION 23/25:
When you try to boot your newly created installation, with a root, /boot and swap partition, the system complains that there is no active boot drive. What should you do?
A. Reboot with the installation diskette and redo the installation.
B. Reboot with a DOS boot diskette and run FDISK /MBR.
C. Reboot with the installation diskette and run fdisk to activate the proper boot partition.
D. Reboot with the bootup diskette created during installation.
ANSWER:
C: You can use the Linux supplied fdisk utility (NOT the DOS-BASED UTILITY FDISK) supplied on the BOOT.IMG diskette to mark the active (where boot block is located) partition. Use option p to print the current partition table, then a, and select the appropriate partition, usually hda1.
Answers in Depth ..
QUESTION 24/25:
Your MIS manager has asked you to put Linux on a laptop for a CEO. The laptop has about 1GB of free disk space, but there is one partition with all available space allocated to it. What free utility is supplied with the installation that allows you to resize a partition?
A. fdisk
B. fips
C. bootp
D. syslinux
ANSWER:
B: fips is on the installation disk, but you need to read the documentation carefully.
QUESTION 25/25:
Your MIS manager is concerned about the installation of Linux on the hundreds of workstations in the company. She thinks it requires someone to install from a CD-ROM on every machine, and only a few machines have CD-ROM drives. You want to reassure her that there will not be any problem using currently running network services. (Select all that apply.)
A. NFS
B. Samba
C. FTP
D. HTTP
E. DNS
F. DHCP
ANSWER:
A, C, D: NFS, FTP, HTTP (Samba does not currently work well with RHLinux 6)
第四章:基本配置和管理
QUESTION 1/22:
The prep section of an RPM spec file serves what purpose?
A. Describes what information users see when they request information about this package.
B. Contains commands to compile and build the binaries from source code.
C. Takes care of extra tasks to be performed when a verify command is issued.
D. Unpacks the source code and configures it for building.
ANSWER:
D: Unpacks the source code and configures it for building. The prep section is performed just before the build section, and usually is used to unpack the source code and run any configuration commands.
QUESTION 2/22:
The /etc/sysconfig/network file contains information about:
A. Your system's host name, and NIS domain.
B. The devices used for your network connections.
C. Chat scripts for PPP and SLIP connections.
D. The status of the network.
ANSWER:
A: Your system's host name, and NIS domain. It also contains information regarding IPV4 forwarding, and whether or not your system uses networking.
QUESTION 3/22:
When adding a user using Linuxconf, what field is required to be filled in?
A. Full name
B. Login name
C. Command interpreter
D. Home directory
ANSWER:
B: Login name. The only required field for a new user is the login name. Linuxconf will use defaults for the rest of the fields, if required.
QUESTION 4/22:
When building an RPM from a tar archive, the tar file should be placed in what directory?
A. /usr/src/redhat
B. /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES
C. /usr/src/redhat/TAR
D. /usr/src/redhat/SRPMS
ANSWER:
B: /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES. Tar files should be placed in /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES when building a SRPM from a tar archive.
QUESTION 5/22:
To switch from the current virtual console to virtual console 4, you press:
A. ALT-4
B. ALT-F4
C. CTL-4
D. CTL-F4
ANSWER:
B: Press ALT-F4. Each virtual console has an ALT -function key associated with it to move to that virtual console. RHCE Red Hat Certified Engineer Study Guide
QUESTION 6/22:
When compiling a kernel, what are the valid configuration options used by make? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Config
B. Menuconfig
C. Windowconfig
D. Xconfig
ANSWER:
A, B, D: config, menuconfig and xconfig. Config is a basic text-based utility. Menuconfig is a text-based menu utility, and xconfig is a graphical X Windows utility.
QUESTION 7/22:
What subdirectories are in the /usr/src/redhat directory?
A. SOURCES, SPECS, BUILD, RPMS, SRPMS
B. SOURCES, SPECS, LIBS, RPMS, DESC
C. SOURCES, SPECS, BINS, RPMS, DESC
D. SOURCES, SPECS, ETC, RPMS, SRPMS
ANSWER:
A: SOURCES, SPECS, BUILD, RPMS, SRPMS are the subdirectories within the /usr/src/redhat directory structure.
QUESTION 8/22:
Upon boot, the kernel invokes init, which in turn runs
A. /etc/rc.d/init.d
B. /etc/inittab
C. /etc/rc.d/initdefault
D. /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
ANSWER:
D: /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit. init runs /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit, which performs a number of tasks, including configuring the network, setting up keymapping, swapping, and the host name.
QUESTION 9/22:
Window manager configuration files for the fvwm2 window manager are stored in which directory?
A. /usr/lib/X11/fvwm2
B. /etc/X11/wmconfig/fvwm2
C. /etc/fvwm2/config
D. /etc/X11/fvwm2
ANSWER:
D: /etc/X11/fvwm2. Window manager configuration files are stored in /etc/X11/, where is the name of the window manager.
QUESTION 10/22:
Which option would you mount a filesystem with, such that binaries cannot be executed on it?
A. nouser
B. nosuid
C. noauto
D. noexec
ANSWER:
D: noexec. The noexec option does not allow binaries to be executed on the filesystem.
QUESTION 11/22:
The command arp -d rhino causes the following to happen:
A. All ARP tables are removed on the host rhino.
B. All ARP information for the host rhino is removed.
C. All ARP tables on the host rhino are displayed.
D. All ARP information pertaining to the host rhino is displayed
ANSWER:
B: All ARP information for the host rhino is removed. The -d option to arp tells the kernel to remove all arp info regarding a specified host.
QUESTION 12/22:
To change the mount options for a local filesystem, you would edit which file?
A. /etc/filesystems
B. /etc/fstab
C. /etc/group
D. /etc/mnttab
ANSWER:
B: /etc/fstab. Information regarding local filesystems, including mount options, is stored in /etc/fstab
QUESTION 13/22:
After specifying all of your options for your kernel, you type in your final command, make zImage. The kernel goes through all of its final stages of compiling, but at the end it complains that the kernel is too large. What steps could you use to fix this problem? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Edit your kernel configurations and make as many options as you can modules.
B. Compile the kernel on a bigger system, then copy to your new system.
C. Use make bzImage instead.
D. Use make zImage -compress.
ANSWER:
A, C: Creating modules will greatly decrease the size of your kernel. Making a bzImage will allow you to create larger kernels than you normally could with make zImage.
QUESTION 14/22:
Source RPMs are by default installed in which directory?
A. /usr/lib/rpm
B. /usr/src/rpm
C. /usr/src/redhat
D. /usr/src/redhat/rpm
ANSWER:
C: /usr/src/redhat. When installing SRPMs, they are by default extracted into the /usr/src/redhat directory structure.
QUESTION 15/22:
Which of the following commands correctly installs the package "penguin-3.26.i386.rpm"?
A. rpm -I penguin-3.26.i386.rpm
B. rpm -i penguin
C. rpm -i penguin-3.26.i386.rpm
D. rpm --install penguin.rpm
ANSWER:
C: rpm -i penguin-3.26.i386.rpm. When installing a package, the -i option is used, followed by the name of the RPM file.
QUESTION 16/22:
When deleting a user account using Linuxconf, if "Archive the account's data" is selected, where is the deleted user's data archived?
A. /home/oldaccounts
B. /root/oldaccounts
C. /home/oldusers
D. /root/oldusers
ANSWER:
A: /home/oldaccounts. All files stored in a deleted user's account are archived to /home/oldaccounts when the "Archive the account's data" option is selected.
QUESTION 17/22:
Checking the Red Hat Corporation's Errata Web page, you find a package listed that is currently on your system. A good strategy to update your system would be:
A. Check to see the ramifications of upgrading the affected package.
B. Watch for warnings when updating the package for config file replacements.
C. Test the new package to ensure it's been configured correctly.
D. All of the above.
ANSWER:
D: All of the above. Answers A, B, and C are good strategies when updating an RPM on your system.
QUESTION 18/22:
The netstat -r command is used to:
A. Display kernel routing tables.
B. Display gateway metrics.
C. Configure kernel routing tables.
D. Configure gateway metrics.
ANSWER:
A: Display kernel routing tables. netstat -r is used to display the kernel's network routing tables.
QUESTION 19/22:
What command is used to configure and display network devices?
A. netstat
B. arp
C. ifconfig
D. ifup
ANSWER:
C: ifconfig. The ifconfig command is used to configure and display network devices.
QUESTION 20/22:
Issuing the command rpm -bc foo-2.2.spec causes what to happen?
A. A binary and source RPM is created based on the spec file.
B. Only the SRPM is built.
C. Only the install section of the spec file is executed.
D. Only the build section of the spec file is executed.
ANSWER:
D: Only the build section of the spec file is executed. The "c" modifier to the build option (-b) causes only the build section to be executed.
QUESTION 21/22:
Which section of an RPM spec file is used to compile the source code?
A. Clean
B. Prep
C. Build
D. Install
ANSWER:
C: Build. The build section of the spec file is used to compile the source code.
QUESTION 22/22:
If you want to see what runlevels Cron is configured to start in, you issue which command?
A. chkconfig -list -crond
B. chkconfig -l crond
C. chkconfig --list crond
D. chkconfig crond
ANSWER:
C: chkconfig --list crond. The output of this command is the following: crond 0 ff 1ff 2n 3n 4n 5n 6ff
第五章:高级安装
QUESTION 1/20:
What runlevel should you switch to in order to run X11?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 5
ANSWER:
C: 5 By default runlevel 5 will load X11.
QUESTION 2/20:
What startup file loads the modules?
A. /etc/rc.d/rc.modules
B. /etc/init.d/S10modules
C. /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
D. none of the above
ANSWER:
C: /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit. The /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit file checks for pre-defined aliases in the /etc/conf.modules and loads them.
QUESTION 3/20:
You notice that a module you want to load will not load because its dependencies fail. When you examine the /lib/modules/.../ directory closer you notice that the modules.dep file does not exist. What would be the easiest way to recreate this file?
A. Add the dependencies by hand.
B. In the /usr/src/linux directory type make modules_install.
C. Depmod -a
D. None of the above.
ANSWER:
C: Depmod -a. This command will go through all of your modules and find all dependencies for all of your modules. It then creates the modules.dep file for you.
QUESTION 4/20:
When you type in lsmod and see a list of running modules, you notice that some of them say (autoclean). What does this mean?
A. The module will automatically remove its own files in the /tmp directory.
B. The module is not in use and should be removed.
C. The kerneld will automatically take care of removing it from memory.
D. The modprobe command has set the module to autoclean.
ANSWER:
C: The kerneld will automatically take care of removing it from memory. You do not need to worry about modules that have (autoclean) listed because kerneld will remove and add them from memory when needed.
QUESTION 5/20:
What would happen if you modified the initdefault entry in the /etc/inittab file to look like this: id:5:initdefault:/usr/games/fortune?
A. It would display a fortune every time you logged on.
B. It would boot into X11 and display a fortune.
C. It would display a fortune only when it booted.
D. The fortune line would be ignored.
ANSWER:
D: The fortune line would be ignored. The initdefault keyword ignores any process entries that are listed. All initdefault does is set the default runlevel.
QUESTION 6/20:
You are dual booting an NT/Linux system. You have successfully copied a working bootsector over the NT boot partition and named it bootsect.lnx. What do you need to do so that the NTLDR loads Linux as an operating system?
A. Edit the NTLDR file with C:\bootsect.lnx="Linux".
B. Edit the BOOT.INI file with "Linux"=C:\bootsect.lnx.
C. Edit the BOOT.INI file with C:\bootsect.lnx="Linux".
D. Do nothing, NTLDR will detect any bootsector file that has the bootsect.xxx syntax.
ANSWER:
B: Edit the BOOT.INI file with C:\bootsect.lnx="Linux". The BOOT.INI file is loaded by NTLDR and parsed using the following syntax: (drive) filename)=(label).
QUESTION 7/20:
You are on a foreign computer and are not sure what network card is inside of it. You have checked dmesg and no network cards are listed. You have a bunch of compiled network modules but none are currently loaded. What could you do to quickly load the unknown network device?
A. Try loading each module manually.
B. modprobe *
C. Kerneld will load the module when the network card is accessed.
D. modprobe -t net
ANSWER:
D: Modprobe -t net. This command will run through your /lib/modules/.../net directory and try each module. It will stop when a module successfully loads.
QUESTION 8/20:
Which of the following does NOT describe kernel modules.
A. They makes the kernel size smaller.
B. They increase your kernel speed.
C. You can dynamically unload modules from memory.
D. Modules have .dll extensions.
ANSWER:
D: Modules have .dll extensions. Modules actually have .o extensions.
QUESTION 9/20:
If you wanted to change the initial boot script, what entry in the /etc/inittab file would you modify?
A. Boot
B. Bootwait
C. Sysinit
D. Initdefault
ANSWER:
C: Sysinit. This option runs during system boot but before any boot or bootwait entries. Initdefault merely sets the runlevel which are ignored at this level of booting.
QUESTION 10/20:
You frequently use your laptop as a server during work hours. Many users come in and work on special project files throughout the day. You are concerned that there could be a loss of power and would like to warn the other users when the battery is about to run out. What would be the best way to handle this?
A. Tell each user to run apm as often as possible to check battery life.
B. Set up a user policy that instructs all users to save every five minutes.
C. Use the wall option in the /etc/sysconfig/apmd file.
D. Edit the shutdown script that runs at runlevel 0.
ANSWER:
C: Use the wall option in the /etc/sysconfig/apmd file. You can tell the apmd to notify the users before the battery runs out of power with the -W option.
QUESTION 11/20:
You have a network card that needs to have options specified at the command line when loading the module. You only need this network card on occasion so you want to leave it as a module. What can you do to simplify the loading of the module.
A. Add a bind command to the conf.modules file.
B. Add an options command to the conf.modules file.
C. Add the options to the end of the alias command in the conf.modules.file
D. None of the above.
ANSWER:
B: Add an options command to the conf.modules file. Once you have added an options command with your options to it you can simply type modprobe and it will add the options for you.
QUESTION 12/20:
You have a mirrored RAID system with 3 drives. The first two are mirrored and the third is supposed to be a spare. When you look at the /etc/raidtab file you see that it says spare-disks 0. What does this entry tell you?
A. The raidtab entry is set up correctly.
B. Spare-disks support is turned off. To turn it on change spare-disks to 1.
C. Currently no spare disks are loaded.
D. The mirror failed and had to use the spare disk.
ANSWER:
A: The raidtab entry is set up correctly. Spare-disks start counting at 0 and we only have one spare disk so the raidtab entry is set up correctly.
QUESTION 13/20:
You are creating a dual boot NT/Linux system. You already have NT installed and plan to use the NTLDR to load Linux on the 2nd drive. Linux is installed and you have made a bootdisk that properly boots Linux. What command would you issue from Linux to copy the bootsector from the floppy?
A. dd if=bootsect.lnx of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 count=1
B. dd if=/dev/fd0 of=bootsect.lnx bs=512 count=1
C. dd if=bootsect.lnx of=/dev/fd0 bs=512
D. dd if=/dev/fd0 of=bootsect.lnx count=512
ANSWER:
D: dd if=/dev/fd0 of=bootsect.lnx bs=512 count=1. The options for the disk dump command need to be as follows: input file (if) needs to point to the floppy drive, output file (of) needs to point to the file you want to create, block size (bs) should be 512, and count should be 1 because we only need the bootsector from the disk.
QUESTION 14/20:
You run Linux on a laptop. The cardmgr daemon for your PCMCIA cards is stomping on an IRQ that you want reserved. What file you use to tell the cardmgr to exclude this IRQ from its list?
A. /etc/pcmcia/config.opts
B. /etc/sysconfig/pcmcia
C. /etc/pcmcia/config.exclude
D. /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
ANSWER:
A: /etc/pcmcia/config.opts. This file is used to exclude any memory, IO addresses and IRQs you want excluded.
QUESTION 15/20:
You need to set up multiple RedHat Linux systems over the network. You decided to have a bootdisk connect to your DHCP/BOOTP server and load a kickstart file. The kickstart file resides on the DHCP/BOOTP server with the following syntax: . You plan to have the kickstart install Linux from a FTP server that does not reside on the DHCP/BOOTP server. What is the problem with this plan?
A. You can not have the FTP server on a different server than your DHCP/BOOTP servers.
B. The kickstart file name is wrong.
C. A BOOTP server can only be used to load kernels and will not load a kickstart file.
D. You can not install from an FTP server.
ANSWER:
D: You can not install from an FTP server. Kickstart installs can only be done via CD-ROM or NFS servers. You can not use kickstart to load from FTP, HTTP or SMB.
QUESTION 16/20:
You want to conserve as much memory as possible. When doing some checking you notice that there are some modules that are loaded but unused. What command could you use to remove these modules? (Choose all that apply)
A. rmmod
B. rmmod -r
C. modprobe -r
D. modprobe -d
ANSWER:
A, B, C: rmmod, rmmod -r, and modprobe -r will remove modules. Only rmmod -r and modprobe -r will remove the module and all of its dependencies, rmmod will only remove the module specified.
QUESTION 17/20:
When trying to load a sound module you get a device busy error message. You feel that it is your ISA Plug and Play sound card. You would like to view it's Plug and Play configuration options so you can edit them to nonconflicting values. What command would you use to create a file of all your ISA Plug and Play device options?
A. dumppnp > isapnp.conf
B. pnpdump > isapnp.conf
C. dsplaypnp > isapnp.conf
D. showpnp > isapnp.conf
ANSWER:
B: pnpdump > isapnp.conf. This command will dump all of your Plug and Play devices with all of their possible settings to a file called isapnp.conf. From here you can edit the file and reset your Plug and Play cards.
QUESTION 18/20:
You have several remote branches that you need to have Linux installed on. You decide the best way to do this is to have all the answers preconfigured on a kickstart file on a DHCP/BOOTP server and have it set up to install off a NFS server at the main branch. You plan to ship a bootdisk that has the kickstart file but are concerned that somebody on the network will see the root password in the file. What can you do?
A. Encrypt the kickstart file that resides on the DHCP/BOOTP server.
B. Boot the disk with linux ks=encrypted
C. Use rootpw --iscrypted in the kickstart file.
D. There is nothing you can do.
ANSWER:
C: Use rootpw --iscrypted in the kickstart file. If you paste an encrypted password after this line then the encrypted version will be sent and network ease droppers will not be able to read a clear text version of the root password.
QUESTION 19/20:
Which runlevel would you need to load a single user?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 5
ANSWER:
A: 1. By default runlevel 1 will switch Linux into single user mode.
QUESTION 20/20:
With a default RedHat install what is the name of the first script that runs on a system?
A. /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
B. /etc/init.d/rc.sysinit
C. /etc/rc.d/rc.0
D. /etc/rc.d/rc.1
ANSWER:
A: /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit. This is the first script that is called. This script is specified in the /etc/inittab file.
第六章:高级用户管理
QUESTION 1/20:
You are almost finished building a new router for your company. You have both network cards properly set up to two different networks. Each side can successfully ping its network card, but neither side can ping the other network. After checking your firewall and forwarding rules, you feel they are set up correctly. All the kernel configuration settings such as IP Firewalling are enabled. What is most likely the problem?
A. You didn't load the router module.
B. You need to enable the environmental variable, ENABLE_ROUTING=1
C. You need to add a "1" to the kernel variables file /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
D. None of the above.
ANSWER:
C: You need to add a "1" to the kernel variables file /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward. By default, routing is not enabled by the kernel. To enable it, you can simply add a "1" to this file with the following command: echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward.
QUESTION 2/20:
Which one of these kernels is a developers kernel?
A. 2.0.0?
B. 1.2.25
C. 2.3.4
D. 3.0.13
ANSWER:
C: The second number determines if it is a stable release or a developers kernel. If the second number is an odd number, then it is a developers kernel. If it is an even number, then it is a stable kernel release.
QUESTION 3/20:
You recently received a notice from your legal department. They want all servers to have a message to thwart off unauthorized access at the login prompt. How would you go about doing this? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Modify /etc/banner.net
B. Modify /etc/issue
C. Modify /etc/issue.net
D. Modify /etc/login.msg
ANSWER:
B, C: Modify /etc/issue and /etc/issue.net. The /etc/issue file is used to log in on locally to the machine. The /etc/issue.net file is used when connecting remotely to a PC.
QUESTION 4/20:
You are compiling a new kernel for a machine with an older BIOS that does not support large hard drives. The hard drive you plan to use is 4GB. Below is a simple description of your partitions: /boot(15 Meg), /usr (1 Gig), /home(1.9 Gig), / (1 Gig). Where could you place the kernel to avoid problems with the older BIOS?
A. /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot
B. /usr/src/linux
C. /
D. /boot
ANSWER:
D: /boot. Boot is a small partition that the BIOS can recognize and boot from. Once the kernel has loaded, it can then use the rest of the large disk.
QUESTION 5/20:
You have just compiled a new kernel and you want to set up LILO to boot your new kernel by default but still have the option to boot the old kernel if necessary. You have already copied your kernel to the /boot directory. What section do you need to add to the /etc/lilo.conf file?
A. Boot=
B. Image=
C. Install=
D. Map=
ANSWER:
B: image=. You will need to add another image= before the image= section. The rest of the options can stay the same.
QUESTION 6/20:
When compiling a kernel, what are the valid configuration options used by make? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Config
B. Menuconfig
C. Windowconfig
D. Xconfig
ANSWER:
A, B, D: Config menuconfig and xconfig. Config is a basic text-based utility. Menuconfig is a text-based menu utility, and xconfig is a graphical X Windows utility.
QUESTION 7/20:
What command could you use to easily create a rescue disk for your system?
A. Fdrescue
B. Mkrescuedisk
C. Mkbootdisk
D. None of the above
ANSWER:
C: mkbootdisk. This command will allow you to make a boot disk for your system that has the option of typing rescue at the LILO prompt.
QUESTION 8/20:
Which commands would you NOT execute when building a monolithic kernel? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Make bzImage
B. Make lilo
C. Make modules
D. Make modules_install
ANSWER:
C, D: Make modules and make modules_install. These two commands are only necessary when building a modular kernel. A monolithic kernel contains all the drivers directly in the main kernel itself.
QUESTION 9/20:
Your system currently boots into runlevel 3. After looking into the /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/ directory, you want to know what script will run first. Of the following links, what script will be the first to run when entering runlevel 3?
A. K20rwhod
B. S30syslog
C. K96pcmcia
D. S99linuxconf
ANSWER:
B: S30syslog. Links that begin with a "S" will start a service when entering a runlevel, while links that begin with a "K" will kill a service. The earlier number will load first.
QUESTION 10/20:
The directory system for PAM and the older PAM configuration file are almost the same format. The older configuration file contains an additional column of information that is not in the directory-style PAM setup. What is the additional column?
A. Module-type
B. Module-path
C. Service-name
D. Service-path
ANSWER:
C: Service-name. You need to specify the service name with the /etc/pam.conf file because there is only one file for all of the different services. This is not necessary with the directory structure because each file's name is also the service's name.
QUESTION 11/20:
You have several users on your system. You want to restrict their disk space in their home directory, but because of the complexity of some of their programs, they need large temporary space. How could you restrict their disk usage in their home directories, but allow them unlimited access to the /tmp directory?
A. Use edquota /home to edit the users' quota for their home directory.
B. Use edquota and specify only the home directories in the text file.
C. Mount the /tmp directory to a separate partition and use edquota on the partition that contains the home directory.
D. None of these options will work.
ANSWER:
D: Mount the /tmp directory to a separate partition and use edquota on the partition that contains the home directory. You can only specify one quota per partition. If you move /tmp to its own partition, you can control it separately.
QUESTION 12/20:
Where could you look to find out how Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) are installed on your system? (Choose all that apply.)
A. /etc/pamd.conf
B. /etc/pam.conf
C. /etc/pam.d/
D. /etc/pamd.conf/
ANSWER:
B, C: /etc/pam.conf file and /etc/pam.d/ directory. The older version of Red Hat uses the /etc/pam.conf, while the newer version uses the directory system, /etc/pam.d/.
QUESTION 13/20:
The CIO of your company wants to see a full report on how much disk space each user on the system is using up. What command would you use to display this information?
A. Repquota -a
B. Quotareport -a
C. Quotareport -all
D. Quotashow -a
ANSWER:
A: repquota will display a report of all users on your system. It shows the used space and their soft and hard limits.
QUESTION 14/20:
What is the difference between a required PAM module and a module that is a requisite?
A. If a user fails to authenticate a required section, then he will be immediately rejected.
B. If a user fails to authenticate at a requisite section, then he will be immediately rejected.
C. Requisite sections are accumulated, and after all the requisites are checked, if one fails then access is denied.
D. None of the above.
ANSWER:
C: Requisite sections are accumulated, and after all the requisites are checked, if one fails then access is denied.
QUESTION 15/20:
What does the command: mkinitrd /boot/initrd 2.0.35 do?
A. Creates a list of kernel modules for kernel 2.0.35.
B. Appends the system's /boot/initrd to kernel 2.0.35.
C. Nothing, because the /boot directory is only referenced by the kernel during boot time.
D. Creates an initial ramdisk to load necessary modules during boot time.
ANSWER:
D: Creates an initial ramdisk to load necessary modules during boot time.
QUESTION 16/20:
You want to schedule a maintenance job to run on the first of every month at 4:00 A.M. Which of the following cron entries are correct?
A. 00 4 1 * * ~/maintenance.pl
B. 4 1 * * ~/maintenance.pl
C. 0 4 31/1 * * ~/maintenance.pl
D. 1 4 00 ~/maintenance.pl
ANSWER:
A: 00 4 1 * * ~/maintenance.pl. The syntax for cron is minute, hour, day of month, month, day, and then the command.
QUESTION 17/20:
You have just compiled a new kernel and now you want to upgrade your old kernel using LILO. You compiled the kernel with the command make zImage. You need to copy the kernel to the /boot directory. Where is the kernel currently located at?
A. /usr/src/linux/
B. /boot/
C. /usr/src/linux/kernel/zImage/
D. /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/
ANSWER:
D: /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/. The kernels are always compiled to this directory and will have a name of zImage or bzImage depending on which make command you specified
QUESTION 18/20:
After specifying all of your options for your kernel, you type in your final command, make zImage. The kernel goes through all of its final stages of compiling, but at the end it complains that the kernel is too large. What steps could you use to fix this problem? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Edit your kernel configurations and make as many options as you can modules.
B. Compile the kernel on a bigger system, then copy to your new system.
C. Use make bzImage instead.
D. Use make zImage -compress.
ANSWER:
A, C: Creating modules will greatly decrease the size of your kernel. Making a bzImage will allow you to create larger kernels than you normally could with make zImage.
QUESTION 19/20:
How would you set the runlevel so that your server boots into X Windows when you boot.
A. Modify the /etc/inetd.conf file and uncomment startx.
B. Modify the /etc/inittab file and set the initdefault to 5.
C. Modify the /etc/inittab file and set the initdefault to 6.
D. Modify the /etc/inittab.conf file and set the initdefault to 5.
ANSWER:
B: Modify the /etc/inittab file and set the initdefault to 5. Runlevel 5 is used by Red Hat to load X Windows automatically.
QUESTION 20/20:
You are running an ISP service and provide space for users' Web pages. You only want them to use 40 MB, but will allow up to 50MB until they can clean up their stuff. How could you use quotas to enforce this policy?
A. Enable grace periods, set the hard limit to 40MB and the soft limit to 50MB.
B. Enable grace periods, set the soft limit to 50MB, and the hard limit to 40 MB.
C. Enable grace periods, set the soft limit to 40MB, and the hard limit to 50MB.
D. None of the above.
ANSWER:
C: Enable grace periods, set the soft limit to 40MB, and the hard limit to 50MB. This will warn the users that they are over their limit after the grace period, but will make sure they do not exceed the 50MB true maximum barrier.
第七章:X-Window系统
QUESTION 1/20:
A user who is new to the X-Window system calls you with a question about his mouse. He has been reading some documentation, and it keeps referring to his middle mouse button, but he only has a two-button mouse. What do you tell him?
A. Hold down the CTRL key and click the left mouse button.
B. He will have to purchase a three-button mouse to use the X-Window interface.
C. Click the left and right mouse buttons simultaneously.
D. He will have to run Xconfigurator and configure the X-Window system to use a two button mouse.
ANSWER:
C: To emulate the missing middle button on a two-button mouse, click the left and right mouse buttons at the same time.
QUESTION 2/20:
You performed a new install of Red Hat Linux 6.0 and ran into problems when you tried to install the X-Window system. Your system is now up and running, and you can get logged in to a command prompt. How do you go about reconfiguring the X-Window system?
A. Use the vi editor and modify the /etc/X11/XF86Config file.
B. Run the Xconfigurator utility from the command line.
C. Restart the X-Window GUI and run XF86Setup.
D. Reinstall Red Hat Linux.
ANSWER:
B: You should use the Xconfigurator program any time you need to make changes to your X-Window configuration. Although you could use XF86Setup also, it wouldn't be necessary, nor would it be possible in this case, to try to start the X-Window system first. XF86Setup will start up a VGA X-server if the X-Window system isn't available.
QUESTION 3/20:
You are troubleshooting a system that appears not to have been set to boot into the X-Window system but you know that the system has been configured to run an X-server. What is the first step you should try?
A. Type X to start the X-server.
B. Run the startx command to start the X-Window system.
C. Edit /etc/X11/XF86Config and set the X-Window system to start on system boot.
D. Run the file .xinitrc in your home directory.
ANSWER:
B: The startx command is used to start the X-Window system if it is not already started.
QUESTION 4/20:
You want to start an xterm X-client that is 80 columns wide by 30 lines high from the command line and position it in the upper right corner of your display when it starts. What command would you use?
A. xterm -geometry +0-0 -font 80x30
B. xterm -geometry 80x30-0+0
C. xterm -geometry 80+30+0+0
D. xterm -display 80x30-0+0
ANSWER:
B: The correct option is -geometry 80x30-0+0. Since you are creating a terminal window, the size specification 80x30 refers to the number of columns and lines. The offset specification -0+0 specifies that the right border of the xterm window should be offset 0 pixels from the right edge of the display and that the top border of the xterm window should be offset 0 pixels from the top of the display.
QUESTION 5/20:
Your system is using the xdm display manager. You want to use the GNOME display manager (gdm). How can you do this?
A. Change the /etc/X11/prefdm link.
B. Run Xconfigurator.
C. Edit /etc/X11/XF86Config.
D. Use the GNOME control panel to change the display manager.
ANSWER:
A: The file /etc/X11/prefdm is a link that points to the display manager your X-Window system will use. To use the GNOME display manager, run the command:
QUESTION 6/20:
When you installed Red Hat Linux, you configured the X-Window system but chose not to have Linux boot up with the X-Window system running. You have been starting the X-Window system with the startx command and everything is working without any problems. You would now like to make the X-Window GUI the default runlevel for your system. How would you do this?
A. Edit /etc/inittab and look for the line that reads 'id:3:initdefault' and replace with a line that reads 'id:5:initdefault' and reboot.
B. Run Xconfigurator.
C. Change the /etc/X11/prefdm link.
D. Execute the runlevel 5 command.
ANSWER:
A: The easiest way to change the default runlevel for your Linux system is to edit the /etc/inittab file and change the initdefault setting to runlevel 5.
QUESTION 7/20:
When you run Xconfigurator, it is unable to determine the type of video card installed in your system. You are unable to find the documentation for your system anywhere. What can you do to determine the type of video hardware installed on your system?
A. Rerun the Xconfigurator program to see whether it will recognize your video card the second time around.
B. Try running XF86Setu p.
C. Run linuxconf.
D. Run the SuperProbe program.
ANSWER:
D: The SuperProbe program will probe your video card and report on the type of video chip it uses and the modes it uses.
QUESTION 8/20:
Which of the following are true about the X-Window system? (Choose all that apply.)
A. The X-server runs on your workstation; X-clients run on your workstation or on other computers on the network.
B. If an X-server is running on your workstation then X-client applications running on your computer cannot send their output to an X-server running on another system on the network.
C. An X-client application gets its input from the keyboard and mouse that are attached to the same X-server where the client is sending its output.
D. Aside from the steps necessary to start the remote application, there is no difference between running an X-client locally and running one remotely.
ANSWER:
A, C, D:
QUESTION 9/20:
What command would you issue to allow X-clients running on the system with an IP address of 172.16.200.99 to access your X-server?
A. xauth +172.16.200.99
B. xhost -172.16.200.99
C. xhost +
D. xhost +172.16.200.99
ANSWER:
D: The xhost command is used to grant other systems access to your X-server. The command xhost + turns on security but doesn't grant any access.
QUESTION 10/20:
Your X-Window configuration appears to be working, and you have an xterm terminal window open on your desktop. Whenever you try to start other X-clients from the command line, however, you keep getting the error message "command not found." What is probably causing the problem?
A. You have too many X-clients running, and Linux is unable to start any additional applications.
B. The /usr/X11R6/bin directory is missing from your PATH.
C. The /etc/X11/XF86Config directory is missing from your PATH.
D. You need to use the xhost command to allow X-clients to access your server.
ANSWER:
B: Any time you receive the message "command not found," that is an indication that your search path is set incorrectly. In order to run X-client applications without having to specify an absolute pathname, make sure the /usr/X11R6/bin directory is in your search path.
QUESTION 11/20:
Which of the following are valid X-client command line options? (Choose all that apply.)
A. --display
B. --windowsize
C. --background
D. --forecolor
E. --bordercolor
ANSWER:
A, C, E: A, C, and E are valid command line options for X-clients.
QUESTION 12/20:
You are using the GNOME desktop environment. You know that you just started up the GNOME spreadsheet application, but now it seems to have disappeared from your screen. How can you get it back?
A. Use the pager applet and select the virtual display on your desktop that shows it has an open client window.
B. Log out and log back in, and GNOME will restart the application.
C. Use the main menu button to restart the application.
ANSWER:
A: Most of the desktop environments that set up a virtual desktop also start up a pager applet that indicates which portions of the desktop contain open windows. Use the pager to move the focus of your display to the area of your desktop that shows up as having open windows in the pager.
QUESTION 13/20:
The X-server on your company's Web server appears to be locked up. How might you gain access to the console?
A. Press CTRL-ALT-+.
B. Press CTRL-ALT-F1 .
C. Press ALT-F1.
D. CTRL-ALT-DEL to reboot the system.
ANSWER:
B: Since your company Web server is running on the system, you want to try to avoid rebooting. If your X-Window display doesn't appear to be working, you can switch to a standard text console with CTRL-ALT-F1.
QUESTION 14/20:
You log in to a remote system via telnet with the intention of starting up several remote X-clients that will send their output to your display (admin1.xyz.com). What can you do to make this easier?
A. Use the -display admin1.xyz.com option.
B. Create a DISPLAY variable with the command: DISPLAY=admin1.xyz.com:0.0
C. Create a DISPLAY variable with the command: export DISPLAY=admin1.xyz.com
D. Create a DISPLAY variable with the command: export DISPLAY=admin1.xyz.com:0.0
ANSWER:
D: X-client applications use the DISPLAY environment variable to determine where to send their output. It must be an environment variable so you must use the export command to create it.
QUESTION 15/20:
You are troubleshooting a Linux server that boots into runlevel 5 and need to temporarily shut down the X-Window system. How would you do this?
A. Use the ps command to obtain the process of the XFree86 server and use the kill command to stop it.
B. Edit /etc/inittab and look for the line that reads 'id:3:initdefault' and replace with a line that reads 'id:5:initdefault' and reboot.
C. Use the command init 3.
D. Use the stopx command.
ANSWER:
C: You use the init command to change from the X-Window runlevel to runlevel 3. This will shut down the X-server. You can restart the X-Window system by issuing an init 5.
QUESTION 16/20:
How could you start a KDE session from a system running the gdm display manager?
A. Relink /etc/X11/prefdm.
B. Click the Options button on the gdm login message box and selec
Sessions -> KDE.
C. Log in normally and use switchdesk to change your default desktop.
D. You can't log in to the KDE environment from the gdm display manager.
ANSWER:
B, C: The advantage to option B. is that you do not have to log out and log back in.
QUESTION 17/20:
Your supervisor comes to you and says he is thinking of purchasing some new workstations for the graphics department and that he has decided they will run Red Hat Linux. He has a requirement to have them purchased and installed as quickly as possible. He has found what appears to be a good deal on some brand-name systems and would like you to determine whether they will be suitable for the planned task. You follow up on his suggestion and discover that the video card for the systems is built around a completely new video chip design. What recommendation do you make regarding the purchase?
A. Go ahead and purchase the systems "as-is."
B. Since these systems will be used by the graphics department, make sure they have plenty of disk space to store graphic files.
C. Purchase the systems, but have the vendor replace the new video cards with a model that is listed on the Red Hat Linux support site.
D. Make sure the systems have 100MB/s Ethernet cards so that graphics files can be shipped across the network as quickly as possible.
ANSWER:
C: Since the workstations are going to be used by the graphics department, they are going to be running the X-Window system. Although you might be able to get the new video cards working given ample time for experimentation, the requirement to have the new workstations up as quickly as possible precludes this. To be sure you don't have any problems configuring the X-Window system, you choose to replace the newer video card with a supported video card.
QUESTION 18/20:
When you migrate a Windows 95 user to a Linux workstation, what steps can you take to minimize the learning curve for this person?
A. Install the full set of online documentation.
B. Install the KDE desktop environment.
C. Use the switchdesk utility and set the users desktop environment to AnotherLevel.
D. Set Linux to boot to runlevel 3.
ANSWER:
C: The AnotherLevel desktop (available as an option box) from switchdesk closely resembles the look and feel of Windows 95. This interface would be a good choice for someone migrating from that operating system.
QUESTION 19/20:
You would like to automatically start up the xclock application whenever you start up an X-Window session with startx. How would you do this?
A. Create or edit the file .Xdefault and add the command: xclock
B. Create or edit the file xinitrc in the system root directory with the command: xclock -geometry 200x200-0+0
C. Edit /etc/X11/XF86Config and add the command: xclock -geometry 200x200-0+0
D. Create or edit the file .xinitrc in your home directory and add the command: xclock
ANSWER:
D: The startx command can be run by any user, not just the root account. You should put any customization commands in .xinitrc hidden file in your home directory.
QUESTION 20/20:
A user calls up to report that she is having problems getting a remote molecular modeling application to display to her screen. Assuming she has disabled all security on her X-server, how could you use the display option to help troubleshoot the situation? Your workstation is admin1.xyz.com; her workstation is ws97.xyz.com.
A. Tell her to run the SuperProbe utility with the -display option so you know what kind of monitor she is using.
B. Have her try to start an X-client and direct its display to her X-server with the command: xclock -display localhost:0.0
C. Have her try to start an X-client and direct its display to your X-server with the command:xclock -display admin1.xyz.com:0.0
D. You start an X-client from the command line and direct its display to her X-server with the command: xclock -display ws97.xyz.com:0.0
ANSWER:
D: One of the first things you can try in this situation is to see whether you can start an X-client and have it display on her workstation. If the user can see the display from xclock then the problem is probably not with her workstation. |
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